A Selection from the Discourses of Epictetus with the Encheiridion — John Shaqi
A Selection from the Discourses of Epictetus with the EncheiridionEpictetus
Philosophy
A Selection from the Discourses of Epictetus with the Encheiridion
Epictetus
Philosophy -- Early works to 1800
How strange then that Socrates should have been so treated by the
Athenians. Slave, why do you say Socrates? Speak of the thing as it is:
how strange that the poor body of Socrates should have been carried off
and dragged to prison by stronger men, and that anyone should have
given hemlock to the poor body of Socrates, and that it should breathe
out the life. Do these things seem strange, do they seem unjust, do you
on account of these things blame God? Had Socrates then no equivalent
for these things? Where then for him was the nature of good? Whom shall
we listen to, you or him? And what does Socrates say? “Anytus and
Melitus can kill me, but they cannot hurt me.” And further, he says,
“If it so pleases God, so let it be.”
But show me that he who has the inferior principles overpowers him who
is superior in principles. You will never show this, nor come near
showing it; for this is the law of nature and of God that the superior
shall always overpower the inferior. In what? In that in which it is
superior. One body is stronger than another: many are stronger than
one: the thief is stronger than he who is not a thief. This is the
reason why I also lost my lamp, because in wakefulness the thief was
superior to me. But the man bought the lamp at this price: for a lamp
he became a thief, a faithless fellow, and like a wild beast. This
seemed to him a good bargain. Be it so. But a man has seized me by the
cloak, and is drawing me to the public place: then others bawl out,
Philosopher, what has been the use of your opinions? see, you are
dragged to prison, you are going to be beheaded. And what system of
philosophy ([Greek: eisagogaen)] could I have made so that, if a
stronger man should have laid hold of my cloak, I should not be dragged
off; that if ten men should have laid hold of me and cast me into
prison, I should not be cast in? Have I learned nothing else then? I
have learned to see that everything which happens, if it be independent
of my will, is nothing to me. I may ask, if you have not gained by
this. Why then do you seek advantage in anything else than in that in
which you have learned that advantage is?
Will you not leave the small arguments ([Greek: logaria]) about these
matters to others, to lazy fellows, that they may sit in a corner and
receive their sorry pay, or grumble that no one gives them anything;
and will you not come forward and make use of what you have learned?
For it is not these small arguments that are wanted now; the writings
of the Stoics are full of them. What then is the thing which is wanted?
A man who shall apply them, one who by his acts shall bear testimony to
his words. Assume, I intreat you, this character, that we may no longer
use in the schools the examples of the ancients, but may have some
example of our own.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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