A Sixth-Century Fragment of the Letters of Pliny the Younger: A Study of Six Leaves of an Uncial Manuscript Preserved; in the Pierpont Morgan Library New YorkRand, Edward Kennard
General
A Sixth-Century Fragment of the Letters of Pliny the Younger: A Study of Six Leaves of an Uncial Manuscript Preserved; in the Pierpont Morgan Library New York
Rand, Edward Kennard
Manuscripts, Latin -- Facsimiles; Manuzio, Aldo, 1449 or 50-1515; Paleography, Latin; Pliny, the Younger -- Correspondence
The other landmark of importance is furnished by a Berlin fragment
containing a computation for finding the correct date for Easter
Sunday.[28] Internal evidence makes it clear that this _Computus
Paschalis_ first saw light shortly after A.D. 447. The presumption is
that the Berlin leaves represent a very early copy, if not the original,
of this composition. In no case can these leaves be regarded as a much
later copy of the original, as the following purely palaeographical
considerations, that is, considerations of style and form of letters,
will go to show.
[Footnote 28: See below, p. 16.]
Let us assume, as we do in geometry, for the sake of argument, that the
Fulda manuscript and the Berlin fragment were both written about the
year 500--a date representing, roughly speaking, the middle point in the
period of about one hundred years which separates the extreme limits of
the dates possible for either of these two manuscripts, as the following
diagram illustrates:
Berlin Paschal Computus Codex Fuldensis of the Gospels
A D 447 |<-----------------+------------------->| ca A D 546
A.D. 500
If our hypothesis be correct, then the script of these two manuscripts,
as well as other palaeographical features, would offer striking
similarities if not close resemblance. As a matter of fact, a careful
comparison of the two manuscripts discloses differences so marked as to
render our assumption absurd. The Berlin fragment is obviously much
older than the Fulda manuscript. It would be rash to specify the exact
interval of time that separates these two manuscripts, yet if we
remember the slow development of types of writing the conclusion seems
justified that at least several generations of evolution lie between the
two manuscripts. If this be correct, we are forced to push the date of
each as far back as the ascertained limit will permit, namely, the
Fulda manuscript to the year 546 and the Berlin fragment to the year
447. Thus, apparently, considerations of form and style (purely
palaeographical considerations) confirm the dates derived from
examination of the internal evidence, and the Berlin and Fulda
manuscripts may, in effect, be considered two dated manuscripts,
two definite guide-posts.
If the preceding conclusion accords with fact, then we may accept the
traditional date (circa A.D. 371) of the Codex Vercellensis of the
Gospels. The famous Vatican palimpsest of Cicero’s _De Re Publica_ seems
more properly placed in the fourth than in the fifth century; and the
older portion of the Bodleian manuscript of Jerome’s translation of the
_Chronicle_ of Eusebius, dated after the year A.D. 442, becomes another
guide-post in the history of uncial writing, since a comparison with
the Berlin fragment of about A.D. 447 convinces one that the Bodleian
manuscript can not have been written much after the date of its
archetype, which is A.D. 442.
[Sidenote: _Dated uncial manuscripts_]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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