Free verse; Modernism (Literature); Poetry, Modern -- 20th century -- History and criticism
and did frequently allow himself an extra syllable in his iambic
foot) is printed _swallow’d_. When we come to _dispised_,
we find in the modern version an accent over the last syllable. By
apostrophes and accents and changes of spelling the rhythm and the
consistency in spelling of the original is sacrificed; and without
making it an easier poem, only a less accurate one. The sound of the
poem suffers through respelling as well as through false alterations in
the rhythm. _Blouddy_ was pronounced more like _blue-dy_ than
_bluddy_; the _ea_ of _extreame_ and _dreame_ were
sounded like the _ea_ in great; _Injoyd_ was pronounced as
it was written; _periurd_ was probably pronounced _peryurd_.
But the changes in punctuation do the most damage: not only to the
personal atmosphere of the poem but to the meaning itself. In the
second line a semicolon after the first _action_ instead of a
comma gives a longer rest than Shakespeare gave; but it also cuts
off the idea at _action_ instead of keeping _in action_
and _till action_ together as well as the two _lust_’s. A
comma after _blouddy_ separates it from _full_ with which
it really forms a single word meaning “full as with blood”. Next come
several semicolons for commas; these introduce pauses which break up
the continuous flow of ideas treading on one another’s heels. (If
Shakespeare had wanted such pauses he would have used semicolons as he
does elsewhere.) Particularly serious is the interpolation of a comma
after _no sooner had_; for this confines the phrase to a special
meaning, _i.e._ “lust no sooner had is hated past reason,” whereas
it also means “lust no sooner had _past reason_ is hated past
reason”. The comma might as well have been put between _reason_
and _hated_; it would have limited the meaning but no more than
has been done. On the other hand a comma is omitted where Shakespeare
actually did put one, after _bayt_. With the comma, _On purpose
layd_--though it refers to _bayt_--also takes us back to the
original idea of _lust_; without the comma it merely carries
out the figure of _bayt_. In the original there is a full stop
at _mad_, closing the octave; in the revised version a colon is
used, making the next line run right on and causing the unpardonable
change from _Made_ to _Mad_. The capital _I_ of
_In_ shows how carefully the printer copied the manuscript.
Shakespeare undoubtedly first wrote the line without _Made_, but
probably deciding that such an irregular line was too bold, added
_Made_ without changing the capital _I_ to a small one.
_Made_ logically follows from _make_ of the preceding line:
‘to make the taker mad, Made (mad)’; but it also returns to the general
idea of lust. This change from _Made_ to _Mad_ limits the
final _so_ of this line to _Mad_ and provokes another change
from comma to semicolon, _i.e._ ‘Mad in pursut and in possession
so (mad)’, whereas the idea of _Mad_ is only vaguely echoed in
this line from the preceding line. The meaning of the line might
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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