In their account of _Osteocephalus leprieurii_, Cochran and Goin (1970:323) stated: "The specimen described and illustrated (MCZ 28042) has been directly compared with the types of _leprieurii_, _planiceps_, and _vilarsi_ by the junior author and there seems to be no doubt that all are conspecific. Another specimen (CNHM 69716) has been directly compared with the types of _planiceps_ and _vilarsi_ and these, likewise, are considered conspecific." With this justification Cochran and Goin (1970:322) included _Osteocephalus planiceps_ Cope, 1874, and _Hyla vilarsi_ Melin, 1941, in the synonymy of _Osteocephalus leprieurii_. We do not concur with Cochran and Goin's synonymy and contend that _planiceps_ and _vilarsi_ are synonyms of _Osteocephalus taurinus_; we give our reasons in the account of that species. We have examined the specimens listed as _O. leprieurii_ by Cochran and Goin; several of them, including CNHM (= FMNH) 69716, are _taurinus_. Thus, due to Cochran and Goin's confusion of two taxa, their comparisons of certain specimens with types has little meaning. Cochran and Goin did not include _Hyla leprieurii britti_ in their synonymy of _Osteocephalus leprieurii_ but did discuss the name in their account of _Osteocephalus orcesi_ (= _O. verrucigerus_), as follows (1970:319): "When we first examined one of the specimens we felt sure that we had Melin's _Hyla britti_ at hand, but on direct comparison with the type of _britti_ the two proved to be different. After studying the type of _orcesi_ (SUNHM 13150) we have no doubt that the specimens at hand are _orcesi_ and that _britti_ is a different, probably valid species." _Diagnosis._--1) Size moderate, sexual dimorphism evident; maximum observed snout-vent length in males 48.4 mm, in females, 61.5 mm; 2) skin on dorsum in males bearing numerous, minute, spinous tubercles; 3) skin on flanks smooth; 4) web extending to base of antepenultimate phalange on inner edge of third finger; 5) dorsum tan or olive-brown with transverse brown or olive bars; 6) venter creamy white or pale tan without markings; 7) lips marked with creamy tan labial stripe and suborbital spot; 8) flanks pale tan with no markings; 9) dermal roofing bones of skull lacking exostosis; 10) dermal sphenethmoid absent; 11) nasals juxtaposed medially; 12) anteromedial margin of frontoparietal between mid- and anterior levels of orbit; 13) frontoparietal fontanelle partially exposed; 14) palatine not serrate; 15) parasphenoid lacking odontoids; 16) zygomatic ramus of squamosal extending about one-half of distance to maxillary arch; 17) transverse processes of presacral vertebrae 3-8 about equal in width to one another and to sacral diapophyses; 18) intermandibularis and submentalis muscles connected; 19) supramandibular portion of interhyoideus forming simple tubular posterolateral extension; associated skin unmodified.