Chemical analysis of plant substances, 42 ― examination of paper, 201 Chestnut, pulp yield, 77 China clay, estimating, 203 ― ― loading, 131 ― grass, 39, 46, 50 ― ―, character, 50 ― ―, composition, 51 ― ― fibres, dimensions, 39 ― ―, forms in which employed, 51 ― ―, general chemical characteristics, 51 ― ―, micro-chemical reaction, 51 ― ―, microscopic features, 51 Chlorinating straw pulp, 102 Chlorinating wood tissue, 19 Chlorine and cellulose, 10 ― and jute, 18 ― as a bleaching agent, 114 ―, available, in bleaching powder, 110 ― water solution, 37 Clarifying water, 125 Classification of paper as to strength, 197 Cleaning straw, 100 Closing plates of strainers, 150 Cochineal lakes, 142 Collodion pyroxyline, 10 Colophony, 137 Colour, improving, 114 ― of pulp produced by bisulphite, 77 Colouring paper, 141 Commercial statistics, 221 Composition of paper, testing, 199 Compound celluloses, hydrolytic resolution, 63 ― ―, treating for paper, 63 Conifer pulp, 60 Constitution of plant fibres, 1 Cooke and Hibbert’s beater, 123 Corchorus capsularis fibre, 39, 44, 52 ― olitorius fibre, 39 Cork, 26 Cotton, 46 ―, classification, 46 ―, composition of raw fibre, 47 ― fibres, dimensions, 39 ―, forms in which employed, 48 ―, general chemical characteristic, 47 ― in paper, detecting, 199, 201 ―, micro-chemical reaction, 47 ―, microscopic features, 46 ―, nature of, 1 ― pulp, ash, 136 ― ―, beaten, 118 ― ―, dimensions of fibre, 119 ― rags, statistics, 221, 222 ― ―, treatment for paper, 79 ― sections, 47 Couch rolls, 156 Cream caustic, 177 Cross’s boiler, 76 Crotalaria juncea fibre, 44, 50 Crystal carbonate, 138 Cuprammonium, 217 Cuprammonium solution, preparing, 217 Cuticular tissue, 26 Cutting, 171 ― adansonia fibre, 103 ― beater knives, 121 ― jute, 103 ― manilla hemp, 103 ― rags, 81 ― straw, 100 Dahl’s sulphide process, 67 Damping-cylinders, 159 Dandy roll, 155 Dark paper from jute, 103 Deckle, 144, 152 Densities, Twaddle, and sp. gr., 109 Detecting adulteration, 203 Diagnosis of plant substances, 42 Dicotyledonous stems, fibres of, 33, 46 Direct-driven beaters, 126 Discoloration of paper from mechanical wood pulp, 108 Doctor, 157 Draining bleached pulp, 114 ― boiled rags, 84 ― straw pulp, 100 Drum washer for boiled rags, 85 Dry pulp, preparing, 119 Drying cylinders, 157 Dusting rags, 82 Dyes, 141 ―, analysing, 209 Economy of sulphide processes, 68 Edgerunner mill, 119 Edgworthia papyrifera fibre, 54 Ekman’s bisulphite process, 72 ― process, preparing wood for, 73 Electrolytic bleaching, 115 Emptying soda drums, 179 Engine for driving beaters, 126 ― sizing, 137 Esparto, 46, 55 ―, amount of bleaching powder needed by, 112 ―, beating, 117