The exports from Aleppo (including yellow berries) in 1880 were:--60 tons, 3600_l._, to Great Britain; 322 tons, 19,320_l._, France; 15 tons, 900_l._, Italy; 44 tons, 2640_l._, Austria; 55 tons, 3300_l._, Turkey; 30 tons, 1800_l._, Egypt; total, 526 tons, 31,560_l._ In 1878, the figures were 673 tons, 38,400_l._ Alexandretta exported in 1879 (including yellow berries):--41 tons, 2460_l._, to England; 299 tons, 17,940_l._, France; 20 tons, 1200_l._, Italy; 25 tons, 1500_l._, Austria; 87 tons, 5220_l._, Turkey; 6 tons, 360_l._, Egypt; total 478 tons, 28,680_l._ The shipments from Trebizonde by steamer in 1880 were (from Turkey):--47 sacks (of 2 cwt.), 188_l._, to Turkey; 240 sacks, 960_l._, Great Britain; 264 sacks, 1056_l._, France; 103 sacks, 412_l._, Austria and Germany; 26 sacks, 104_l._, Greece; total, 680 sacks, 2720_l._; (from Persia): 25 sacks, 100_l._, Great Britain; 31 sacks, 124_l._, France; 30 sacks, 120_l._, Austria and Germany; total, 86 sacks, 344_l._ Bushire despatched 5000_r._ worth to India in 1879. Syra sent 248_l._ worth to Great Britain in 1879. Venice exported 1745 tons of gall and bark, value 34,906_l._, in 1879. The best oak-galls contain 60-70 per cent. of tannic or gallotannic acid, and 3 per cent. of gallic acid. "Rove" is a small crushed gall, containing 24-34 per cent. of gallotannic acid. There are many other varieties of non-commercial oak-gall. _Chinese or Japanese Galls._--These are vesicular protuberances formed on the leaf-stalks and branches of the _Rhus semialata_ [_Bucki-amela_], a tree of 30-40 ft., common in North India, China, and Japan, ascending the outer Himálaya and the Khasia Hills to 2500-6000 ft., by punctures of the female of _Aphis chinensis_. The galls are collected when their green colour is changing to yellow, and are then scalded. They are light and hollow, 1-2-1/2 in. long, and of very varied and irregular form. The Japanese are the smaller and paler, and usually more esteemed. The galls contain about 70 per cent. of tannic or gallotannic acid, and 4 per cent. of another tannin. They are consumed mainly in Germany, for the manufacture of tannic acid. Hankow exported 30,949 _piculs_ (of 133-1/3 lb.) in 1872; and 21,611 _piculs_, value 136,214 _taels_ (of about 6_s._), in 1874. In 1877, the total Chinese export did not exceed 17,515 _piculs_. Hankow exported 24,742-1/2 _piculs_ in 1878, and 28,392 _piculs_, 59,614_l._, in 1879; Pakhoi, 62_l._ worth in 1879; Canton, 3155-1/3 _piculs_ in 1877, 1939 in 1878, 3163-1/2 in 1879; Ichang, 100-1/2 _piculs_, 132_l._, in 1878, 402-1/2 _piculs_, 586_l._, in 1879; Shanghai, 27,659-1/2 _piculs_ in 1879. In China trade returns, they are always miscalled "nut-galls" or "gall-nuts": correctly, they are _wu-pei-tze_. Oak-galls are exported from China resembling those of Western Asia. Japanese galls, _kifushi_, are sent in increasing quantities from Hiogo.