Our imports of galls in 1880 were:--24,590 cwt., 68,697_l._, from China; 17,311 cwt., 60,648_l._, from Turkey; 9182 cwt., 9013_l._, from other countries: total, 51,083 cwt., 138,358_l._ Our re-exports in the same year were:--6260 cwt., 18,479_l._, to Holland; 6022 cwt., 18,147_l._, to Germany; 3214 cwt., 11,002_l._, to France; 3045 cwt., 8598_l._, to Belgium; 2651 cwt., 11,004_l._, to the United States; 1625 cwt., 5205_l._, to other countries; total, 22,817 cwt., 72,435_l._ The approximate London market values of galls are:--Bussora, blue, 82-102_s._ a cwt.; do., white and in sorts, 50-90_s._; China, 50-70_s._; Japan, 55-56_s._ =Gambier, Pale Catechu, or Terra Japonica= (Fr., _Gambir_, _Cachou jaune_; Ger., _Gambir_).--These names are conferred upon an extract from the leaves of _Uncaria Gambier_ [_Nauclea Gambir_] and _U. acida_, containing 36-40 per cent. of a brown tannin, which rapidly penetrates leather, and tends to swell it, but alone gives a soft porous tannage; it is largely used in conjunction with other materials for tanning both dressing- and sole-leather. The plants are stout climbing shrubs, the first-named being a native of the countries bordering the Straits of Malacca, and especially the islands at the eastern end, though apparently not indigenous to any of the islands of the volcanic band, growing also in Ceylon, where no use is made of it; while the second, probably a mere variety, flourishes in the Malay islands. The shrubs are cultivated in plantations, often formed in jungle clearings; the soil is very rapidly exhausted, and further injured by excessive growth of the ineradicable _lalang_-grass (_Andropogon caricosus_). It is found advantageous to combine pepper-culture with that of gambier, the boiled leaves of the latter forming excellent manure for the former. The gambier-plants are allowed to grow 8-10 ft. high, and as their foliage is always in season, each plant is stripped 3 or 4 times in the year. The tools and apparatus for the manufacture of the extract are of the most primitive description. A shallow cast-iron pan about 3 ft. across is built into an earthen fire-place. Water is poured into the pan, a fire is kindled, and the leaves and young shoots, freshly plucked, are scattered in, and boiled for about an hour. At the end of this time, they are thrown on to a capacious sloping trough, the lower end of which projects into the pan, and are squeezed with the hand so that the absorbed liquor may run back into the boiler. The decoction is then evaporated to the consistence of a thin syrup, and baled out into buckets. When sufficiently cool, it is subjected to curious treatment: instead of simply stirring it round, the workman pushes a stick of soft wood in a sloping direction into each bucket; and, placing two such buckets before him, he works a stick up and down in each. The liquid thickens round the stick, and, the thickened portion being constantly rubbed off, while at the same