Now again we may witness a concurrence of symptoms very similar to the
latter in the commencement of the attack, only that there is from the
beginning greater prostration of strength; and a rapid increase in the
derangement of the nervous and sensorial functions: together with a
brown and dry tongue; a tender abdomen, and dark and offensive stools:
thus may be formed another type of fever to which is commonly assigned
the name of typhus.
In each of these cases the most urgent symptoms have their seat only in
one set of the organs that compose the circle which we have said to be
involved; but in every case all the other organs included in that circle
are as really, though not as intensely diseased. When the spinal cord
and the brain are so violently affected that the patient appears to be
struck with paralysis or apoplexy, the attention is not strongly drawn
to the state of the mucous membrane of the digestive apparatus; to the
nature of the secretions and excretions of which it is the source; to
the temperature of the system, or to the condition of the circulation:
because the affection of the nervous system being overwhelming, and all
the other affections being comparatively trifling, it is natural that
the former should, in a manner, absorb the mind of the observer; yet, if
the skin, the pulse, the tongue, the evacuations are examined, all will
be found to be in a morbid state, and that morbid state will bear a
certain proportion to the affection of the nervous system.
In like manner when the organs of the digestive apparatus form the
strong hold of the disease, the morbid condition of the spinal cord and
brain, and the altered action of the heart and arteries, may attract
less notice; but that morbid condition will be not the less real, and
will contribute its portion of disease to the general derangement of the
system, not the less certainly because the indications of its existence
may be less obtrusive.
And in the milder forms which the fever of our own country presents, in
the most intense cerebral affection with which we ever meet, there will
always be present unequivocal indications of deranged function both in
the heart and arteries, and in the organs of secretion and excretion:
while in cases in which the brain may be tolerably clear; in which there
may be little or no headache; little or no pain in the limbs; no
delirium; in which the disease may be chiefly seated in the mucous
membrane of the stomach and intestines, and the prominent symptoms be,
pain of the epigastrium, tenderness on pressure over the whole abdomen,
a red tongue, and frequent stools, still if we examine the state of the
pulse, if we look at the quality and the distribution of the nervous
influence, if we observe the operations of the sensorial faculties, we
shall find these functions to be as truly, though not as intensely
deranged as if the full force of the disease were spent upon the organs
in which these functions have their seat.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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