A Vanished Arcadia: Being Some Account of the Jesuits in Paraguay 1607-1767Cunninghame Graham, R. B. (Robert Bontine)
History
A Vanished Arcadia: Being Some Account of the Jesuits in Paraguay 1607-1767
Cunninghame Graham, R. B. (Robert Bontine)
Jesuits -- Paraguay; Paraguay -- History -- To 1811
In the same way the word ‘Paraguay’ is variously derived from a
corruption of the word ‘Payaguá’ (the name of an Indian tribe), and
_y_, the Guaraní word for water, meaning river of the Payaguas. Others,
again, derive it from a Guaraní word meaning ‘crown’, and _y_, water,
and make it the crowned river, either from the palm-trees which crown
its banks or the feather crowns which the Indians wore at the first
conquest. Others, again, derive it from a bird called paraquá
(_Ortolida paraqua_). Again, Angelis, in his work ‘Serie de los Señores
Gobernadores del Paraguay’ (lib. ii., p. 187), derives it from Paraguá,
the name of a celebrated Indian chief at the time of the conquest. What
is certain is that _y_ is the Guaraní for water, and this is something
in a derivation. _Y_ is perhaps as hard to pronounce as the Gaelic
_luogh_, a calf, the nasal _gh_ in Arabic, or the Kaffir clicks, having
both a guttural and a nasal aspiration.[27] It is rarely attempted with
success by foreigners, even when long resident in the country. Though
Paraguay was so completely the country of the Jesuits in after-times,
they were not the first religious Order to go there. Almost in every
instance the ecclesiastics who accompanied the first conquerors of
America were Franciscans. The Jesuits are said to have sent two priests
to Bahia in Brazil ten years after their Order was founded, but both in
Brazil and Paraguay the Franciscans were before them in point of time.
San Francisco Solano, the first ecclesiastic who rose to much note as a
missionary, and who made his celebrated journey through the Chaco in
1588-89 from Peru to Paraguay, was a Franciscan.[28] Thus, the
Franciscans had the honour of having the first American saint in their
ranks. It is noteworthy, though, that he was recalled from Paraguay by
his superiors, who seem to have had no very exalted opinion of him.
Charlevoix remarks (‘History of Paraguay’) ‘that it seems as if
Providence, in granting him miraculous powers, had forgotten the other
necessary steps to make them effective.’ That he really had these
powers seems strange, but San Francisco Solano narrates of himself
that, in passing through the Chaco, he learned the languages of several
of the tribes, and ‘preached to them in their own tongues of the birth,
death, and transfiguration of Christ, the mysteries of the Trinity,
Transubstantiation, and Atonement; that he explained to them the
symbols of the Church, the Papal succession from St. Peter downwards,
and that he catechized the Indians by thousands, tens and hundreds of
thousands, and that they came in tears and penitence to acknowledge
their belief.’
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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