Accepting the universe : $b Essays in naturalismBurroughs, John
Philosophy
Accepting the universe : $b Essays in naturalism
Burroughs, John
Natural history; Natural history -- Philosophy; Philosophy; Science
The universe is a reality, though we cannot define it. Life goes
on, though we cannot account for it. Boundless space exists, though
words fail us in the attempt to fathom it. The earth has its center,
though we do not know whether we should be standing on our heads or
our heels were we to reach it. Heavenly bodies do collide, though we
cannot visualize the collision. Our language fails us when we come to
the ultimate questions.
That this is the best possible world, humanly speaking, I have no
doubt, yet sin and misery are on every hand. Sin and misery are
terms of our own which simply express some of the conditions of our
development. They are like the terms “up” and “down,” “east” and
“west,” and “near” and “far”; they are relative. Nature knows no good
and no bad; all is good; that is, all favors development. The rivers
reach the sea, no matter what the obstacles in the way. The seasons
come and go, no matter how delayed.
Nature’s ends, so far as we can name them, are wholesale--to keep the
game going, to heap the measure, to play one hand against the other.
She is more solicitous about the race than about the individual. The
wreck of worlds or suns in sidereal space matters little; there are
infinite worlds and suns left. What would really matter would be
failure of celestial mechanics. The eclipse of the sun and the moon
occurring exactly on time, “without the untruth of a single second,”
tells how perfectly the great machine runs. The eclipse itself is an
accident, but a harmless one; it is not a necessity in the movements
of our system.
If man is the end of things, as we would fain believe, then why
was he so long a-coming? Why will he as surely disappear from the
earth? Why has he not come to other planets in our system? When he
disappears from our solar system, will not the great procession go
on just the same without him? No doubt of it. He is only an incident,
and maybe an accident--a lucky throw of the dice.
V. IS THERE DESIGN IN NATURE?
We cannot put to Nature the direct questions we put to ourselves.
Namable purposes and designs rule our lives. Not so with the All. I
told Father Goodman the other day, much to his bewilderment, that I
did not think the air was made for us to breathe, nor the water for
us to drink, nor food for us to eat. We breathe and drink and eat
because our organization is adjusted to these things. The shoe is
made over the last, not the last to fit the shoe. The organization
is fitted, or fits itself, to its environment. Nature is first, man
is afterwards. Is the notch in the mountain made for the road to go
through? Is the land-locked harbor made to protect our shipping?
Would it not be as true to say that the wind was made to fill the
ship’s sails, as that air was made to fill our lungs? In dealing with
this question of design many persons get the cart before the horse.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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