Accepting the universe : $b Essays in naturalismBurroughs, John
Philosophy
Accepting the universe : $b Essays in naturalism
Burroughs, John
Natural history; Natural history -- Philosophy; Philosophy; Science
Though a dreamer and an idealist, I am only truly interested in a
natural explanation of things--an explanation that is in harmony with
our experiences in this world. The so-called supernatural explanation
does not interest me at all. We cannot grasp it and bring it to the
test of reason and experience. It is like a bridge with one or more
spans missing--only faith can carry us over, and faith that has
nothing to stand upon cannot really carry us over. It travels in a
circle, and leaves us where it found us.
Energy is certainly one of the realities of the cosmos, though we may
not be able to form a concept of it as we do of matter. We cannot
visualize it. We know it only through its effects upon tangible
bodies. Why may there not be a principle of life or vitality as
real as is energy--another form of energy which we can know only
through its effects upon matter; inseparably bound up with matter as
energy is; not with all matter, but with a limited amount of matter,
as is magnetism--a peculiar form of force or energy, dependent
for its manifestations upon well-defined conditions and reaching
its highest manifestations in the mind or consciousness of man.
Spirit, as we name it, is only a word which stands for no verifiable
reality--something separable from matter and independent of it.
What victims we are of words! When we get a name for a thing we are
persuaded the thing exists. The vital process is inseparable from
the physical processes; it supplements or controls them, but is more
than they are. Life is not a spirit, but a form of energy potential
in matter, and developed and active when the conditions are right.
A living body is moved by a new force just as truly as a piece of
magnetized steel is moved by a new force, or as truly as a new force
streams through the telegraph-wires--a transformation of other
forces, and behaving in a new way, and producing new results. There
is nothing new under the sun; all are made of one stuff; but there
are endless transformations and permutations of this one stuff, and
one of them is the phenomenon of life, or vitality.
Electricity is not matter, but it is the most unmistakable and
ubiquitous form of energy known to us. The human mind is a phenomenon
of matter; how related to the electro-magnetic world we know not, but
undoubtedly in some way bound up with it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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