Accepting the universe : $b Essays in naturalismBurroughs, John
Philosophy
Accepting the universe : $b Essays in naturalism
Burroughs, John
Natural history; Natural history -- Philosophy; Philosophy; Science
As I have already emphasized, as man is a part of Nature, so are all
his creeds and myths, his religions and his philosophies, a part of
Nature. What validity does that give them? What support is lent to
our creed by the fact that it has been slowly evolved out of the
religious experiences of the centuries? Our sense of truth is also
an evolution, and varies from age to age. That a thing is a part
of Nature does not settle its value. Shadows are a part of Nature;
puff-balls, fungi, marsh-gas, disease-germs, and a thousand other
undesirable things are a part of Nature.
Although the various religious systems of mankind must have their
natural history, I regard them only as so many diverse attempts to
clothe the spirit against the cosmic chill of the vast, unhoused,
unsanctified, immeasurable out-of-doors of the universe. This they
do in varying degrees, and will continue to do, some appealing to
one type of mind, or--shall we say?--one stage of development, some
to another. The philosopher looks on and smiles, or pities, and is
content.
II. THE NATURAL ORDER
Even great thinkers like Mr. Balfour recoil from naturalism and
cheerfully embrace supernaturalism. Mr. Balfour finds the key to the
fundamental problems of life in the miracle of the Incarnation. He
injects into the natural order a theological concept, and the riddle
of man’s life is solved. To the naturalist such a conclusion is as
impossible as to hope to quench his thirst with the symbols, H_{2}O.
We may say every man born of woman is an incarnation of the
Infinite spirit, and the hyperbole may stand, but to affirm that
one particular man in the historic period was an incarnation in an
entirely other and more significant sense, is to read magic into
matters of common sense. It is an imaginary solution. It is an appeal
from the natural to the non-natural. It is offering an artificial
solution to a natural problem. One might as well attribute a failure
of the crops to one of the political parties, or an epidemic of
disease to an historical document. The doctrine of the Incarnation
is as far outside the realm of natural law as is magic, and to see
in this the master key to creation is like ascribing all the sin
and misery of the world to Adam’s transgression in the Garden of
Eden. The childish plan of salvation of our fathers is as good as
any other so long as it holds men up to higher standards of life and
of thought; but the day is fast passing when it can do this; natural
standards must in the end as surely prevail in religion as in our
daily lives.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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