Accepting the universe : $b Essays in naturalismBurroughs, John
Philosophy
Accepting the universe : $b Essays in naturalism
Burroughs, John
Natural history; Natural history -- Philosophy; Philosophy; Science
Emerson said that in trying to define the Eternal we need a language
that differs from our everyday speech as much as algebra differs
from arithmetic. Outside of the physical organism there is neither
pleasure nor pain, good nor bad, light nor dark, sound nor silence,
heat nor cold, big nor little, hard nor soft; all these things are
but words in which we describe our sensations. When there is no ear,
there is no sound, but only motion in the air; when there is no eye,
there is no light or color, but only motion in the ether; when there
are no nerves, there is no heat or cold, but only motion, more or
less, in the molecules of matter. Degrees and differences belong to
the region of our finite minds. In trying to define or state the
Infinite, we are off the sphere, outside the realm of experience, and
our words have no meaning.
It is the circular or orbicular character of creation that baffles
us. We cannot fit the sphere into the triangles and parallelograms
of the terms of our experience. We cannot square the circle of
Infinity. The terms “love,” “anger,” “mercy,” “fatherhood,” do not
apply to God any more than “over” or “under,” or “beginning” or
“end,” apply to the sphere. In regard to God, the language of science
and mathematics is one with the language of worship and ecstasy.
I find I have never been burdened by a sense of my duty to God.
My duty to my fellow-men and to myself is plain enough, but the
word is not adequate to express any relation I may hold to the
Eternal. Do I owe any duty to gravity without which I could not
move or lift my hand, or any duty to the sunshine or to the rains
and the winds? Instinctively, unconsciously, for the most part we
obey the law of gravity, and instinctively we adjust ourselves to
all the natural forces, not from a sense of duty, but from a sense
of self-preservation. These things are a part of our lives and not
something to which we hold only a casual and precarious or external
relation. My relation to the Eternal is not that of an inferior to
a superior, or of a beneficiary to his benefactor, or of a subject
to his king. It is that of the leaf to the branch, of the fruit to
the tree, of the babe in the womb to its mother. It is a vital and
an inevitable relation. It cannot be broken. It is not a matter of
will or choice. We are embosomed in the Eternal Beneficence, whether
we desire it or not. Those good persons who go through life looking
upon the Eternal as a power external to themselves, saluting him as
the soldier salutes his officer, are not as truly religious as they
think they are. The old conception of an external God, the supreme
ruler of the universe, with whom Moses talked and walked and even
saw the hinder parts of, is out of date in our time. Still the
overarching thought of the Infinite and the Eternal, in whom we live
and move and have our being, must at times awaken in the minds of all
of us, and lend dignity and sobriety to our lives.
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