Accepting the universe : $b Essays in naturalismBurroughs, John
Philosophy
Accepting the universe : $b Essays in naturalism
Burroughs, John
Natural history; Natural history -- Philosophy; Philosophy; Science
Plagues and famines and wars are fortuitous and not a part of the
regular order like health, or growth, or development. They are
accidents of nature. The cloud-burst that sends the creek out of
its banks is an accident in the same sense; it is an exceptional
occurrence. If the fountains of nature were not full enough and
permanent enough to stand such drains, or if the tendency in nature
to a certain order and moderation were less marked, life would
disappear from the globe. Nature’s capital of life is invested in ten
thousand enterprises and the risks are many, but if the gains did not
exceed the losses, if more seeds did not fall upon fertile places
than upon barren, if more babies did not survive than perish, what
would become of us? In our human schemes we aim to cut out losses,
waste, delays and failure, and arraign the Eternal when it does
not follow the same methods. But so far as I can see all that the
Eternal aims at in the vast business of the universe is to keep the
capital unimpaired and live on the income. The inroads which storms,
pestilence, earthquakes make upon it are soon made good and some
interest does accrue. Life does advance.
In the course of the biologic ages there has been a great loss in
species, apparently without any loss in the development impulse. New
species appear as the old disappear. Nature’s investment in mere size
and brute strength was doubtless a good one under the conditions, but
she gradually changed it and began to lay the emphasis upon size of
brain and complexity of nervous system, just as man in his material
civilization has passed from the simple to the complex, from the
go-cart to the automobile, from the signal fires to telegraph and
telephone. The failures and shortcomings of the Eternal, as well as
the progress of its work, are analogous to those of man. Indeed, God
is no more a god than man is. He evinces the same methods, the same
mixture of good and evil, the same progress from the simple to the
complex, the same survival of the fittest. We exalt and magnify our
little human attributes and name it God; we magnify and intensify our
bad traits and call it the Devil. One is as real as the other. Both
are real to the imagination of man, but Nature knows them not, except
so far as she knows them in and through man.
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