In the free States, on the contrary, where there is no caste answering to your slaveholders--where the _People_ literally partake in the government, mighty efforts are made for general education; and in most instances, elementary instruction is, through the public liberality, brought within the reach of the children of the poor. You have lamentable experience, that such is not the case where slaveholders bear rule. But you will receive with distrust whatever _we_ may say as to the comparative ignorance of the free and slave States. Examine then for yourselves the returns of the last census on this point. This document gives us the number of white persons over twenty years of age in each State, who cannot read _and_ write. It appears that these persons are to the _whole_ white population in the several States as follows, viz.: Connecticut, 1 to every 568 Louisiana, 1 to every 38-1/2 Vermont, 1 " 473 Maryland, 1 " 27 N. Hamp., 1 " 310 Mississippi, 1 " 20 Mass., 1 " 166 Delaware, 1 " 18 Maine, 1 " 108 S. Carolina, 1 " 17 Michigan, 1 " 97 Missouri, 1 " 16 R. Island, 1 " 67 Alabama, 1 " 15 New Jersey, 1 " 58 Kentucky, 1 " 13-1/2 New York, 1 " 56 Georgia, 1 " 13 Penn., 1 " 50 Virginia, 1 " 12-1/2 Ohio, 1 " 43 Arkansas, 1 " 11-1/2 Indiana, 1 " 18 Tennessee, 1 " 11 Illinois, 1 " 17 N. Carolina, 1 " 7[4] [4] This summary from the return of the census, is copied from the Richmond (Va.) Compiler. It will be observed by looking at this table, that Indiana and Illinois are the _only_ free States, which in point of education are surpassed by _any_ of the slave States: for this disgraceful circumstance three causes may be assigned, viz., their recent settlement, the influx of foreigners, and emigration from the slave States. The returns from New York, Rhode Island, New Jersey and Pennsylvania, are greatly affected by the vast number of foreigners congregated in their cities, and employed in their manufactories and on their public works. In Ohio, also, there is a large foreign population: and it is well known that comparatively few emigrants from Europe seek a residence in the slave States, where there is little or no employment to invite them. But what a commentary on slavery and slaveholders is afforded by the gross ignorance prevailing in the old States of South Carolina, Virginia, and North Carolina! But let us proceed. The census gives a return of "scholars at public charge." Of these, there are in the free States, 432,173 " " slave States, 35,580