Aesthetical and philosophical essays : $b introducing the dissertation on the "connection between the animal and spiritual man"Schiller, Friedrich
Philosophy
Aesthetical and philosophical essays : $b introducing the dissertation on the "connection between the animal and spiritual man"
Schiller, Friedrich
Aesthetics; Philosophy
This pure and rational idea of the beautiful—supposing it can be placed
in evidence—cannot be taken from any real and special case, and must, on
the contrary, direct and give sanction to our judgment in each special
case. It must therefore be sought for by a process of abstraction, and
it ought to be deduced from the simple possibility of a nature both
sensuous and rational; in short, beauty ought to present itself as a
necessary condition of humanity. It is therefore essential that we
should rise to the pure idea of humanity, and as experience shows us
nothing but individuals, in particular cases, and never humanity at
large, we must endeavor to find in their individual and variable mode of
being the absolute and the permanent, and to grasp the necessary
conditions of their existence, suppressing all accidental limits. No
doubt this transcendental procedure will remove us for some time from
the familiar circle of phenomena, and the living presence of objects, to
keep us on the unproductive ground of abstract idea; but we are engaged
in the search after a principle of knowledge solid enough not to be
shaken by anything, and the man who does not dare to rise above reality
will never conquer this truth.
LETTER XI.
If abstraction rises to as great an elevation as possible, it arrives at
two primary ideas, before which it is obliged to stop and to recognize
its limits. It distinguishes in man something that continues, and
something that changes incessantly. That which continues it names his
person; that which changes his position, his condition.
The person and the condition, I and my determinations, which we
represent as one and the same thing in the necessary being, are
eternally distinct in the finite being. Notwithstanding all continuance
in the person, the condition changes; in spite of all change of
condition the person remains. We pass from rest to activity, from
emotion to indifference, from assent to contradiction, but we are always
_we ourselves_, and what immediately springs from _ourselves_ remains.
It is only in the absolute subject that all his determinations continue
with his personality. All that Divinity is, it is because it is so;
consequently it is eternally what it is, because it is eternal.
As the person and the condition are distinct in man, because he is a
finite being, the condition cannot be founded on the person, nor the
person on the condition. Admitting the second case, the person would
have to change; and in the former case, the condition would have to
continue. Thus in either supposition, either the personality or the
quality of a finite being would necessarily cease. It is not because we
think, feel, and will that we are; it is not because we are that we
think, feel, and will. We are because we are. We feel, think, and will
because there is out of us something that is not ourselves.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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