Aesthetical and philosophical essays : $b introducing the dissertation on the "connection between the animal and spiritual man"Schiller, Friedrich
Philosophy
Aesthetical and philosophical essays : $b introducing the dissertation on the "connection between the animal and spiritual man"
Schiller, Friedrich
Aesthetics; Philosophy
Consequently the person must have its principle of existence in itself,
because the permanent cannot be derived from the changeable, and thus we
should be at once in possession of the idea of the absolute being,
founded on itself; that is to say, of the _idea of freedom_. The
condition must have a foundation, and as it is not through the person,
and is not therefore absolute, it must be a _sequence_ and a _result_;
and thus, in the second place, we should have arrived at the condition
of every independent being, of everything in the process of becoming
something else: that is, of the idea of _time_. “Time is the necessary
condition of all processes, of becoming (Werden);” this is an identical
proposition, for it says nothing but this: “That something may follow,
there must be a succession.”
The person which manifested itself in the eternally continuing Ego, or I
myself, and only in him, cannot become something or begin in time,
because it is much rather time that must begin with him, because the
permanent must serve as basis to the changeable. That change may take
place, something must change; this something cannot therefore be the
change itself. When we say the flower opens and fades, we make of this
flower a permanent being in the midst of this transformation; we lend
it, in some sort, a personality, in which these two conditions are
manifested. It cannot be objected that man is born, and becomes
something; for man is not only a person simply, but he is a person
finding himself in a determinate condition. Now our determinate state of
condition springs up in time, and it is thus that man, as a phenomenon
or appearance, must have a beginning, though in him pure intelligence is
eternal. Without time, that is, without a becoming, he would not be a
determinate being; his personality would exist virtually no doubt, but
not in action. It is not by the succession of its perceptions that the
immutable Ego or person manifests himself to himself.
Thus, therefore, the matter of activity, or reality, that the supreme
intelligence draws from its own being, must be _received_ by man; and he
does, in fact, receive it, through the medium of perception, as
something which is outside him in space, and which changes in him in
time. This matter which changes in him is always accompanied by the Ego,
the personality, that never changes; and the rule prescribed for man by
his rational nature is to remain immutably _himself_ in the midst of
change, to refer all perceptions to experience, that is, to the unity of
knowledge, and to make of each of its manifestations of its modes in
time the law of all time. The matter only exists in as far as it
changes: _he_, his personality, only exists in as far as he does not
change. Consequently, represented in his perfection, man would be the
permanent unity, which remains always the same, among the waves of
change.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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