Agricultural pricesWallace, Henry A. (Henry Agard)
Science
Agricultural prices
Wallace, Henry A. (Henry Agard)
Agriculture -- Statistics; Farm produce; Prices
During the war, many people announced that prices in the United States
were no longer the result of supply and demand. For a period of two and
a half years, wheat prices were held at approximately $2.20 a bushel, in
spite of the fact that both supply and demand conditions were varying
constantly during this period, and in spite of the fact that under
supply-and-demand conditions as they ordinarily work, prices might have
been expected to have gone as high as $4 and as low as $1.50, at
different times during this period of two and one-half years. Social
workers and others of idealistic temperament who have always been pained
with the rather heartless way in which the law of supply and demand has
worked, were much pleased with the stabilized wheat price, and referred
to it as an instance of the repeal of the law of supply and demand.
Of course, the law of supply and demand never has been repealed, and
never will be repealed. Instead of trying to repeal it, we should try to
secure the best type of price-fixing machinery thru which this law may
work. Man has not repealed the law of gravitation, but has devised such
machines as automobiles, airplanes, etc., thru which he accomplishes his
purposes notwithstanding.
Our city friends who favor government attempts to repeal the law of
supply and demand and to fix uniform and relatively cheap prices should
direct their efforts toward the search for a new price-fixing machinery.
For arbitrary interference with this law invariably brings penalties in
the form of conditions which often are more severe than the condition
which it was hoped to improve.
What we should strive for rather is a better understanding of the law of
supply and demand, in the hope that we may be able to modify the
severity of its operation and thus avoid periods of feast and famine,
with their unreasonably low prices and unreasonably high prices.
Thousands of men in the corn belt, especially the leaders of the
organized farmers, should be familiar with the normal, mathematical
working of the law of supply and demand. They should know not only when
prices are lower than warranted by the supply, but just how much too
low. Exact measurement is necessary in order to perceive when unusual
factors are at work. The price indicated by a mathematical
interpretation of supply and demand may be $1.25 for corn, whereas the
actual price, because of a purely speculative drive, may be only $1. It
is wise to measure prices to some extent by purely mathematical
considerations, in order that we may perceive more clearly when
extraordinary forces are at work.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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