Alcestis, Queen, consort of Admetus, King of Pherae -- Drama
The success or ill-success of such an attempt as this to combine the two
styles, the heroic and the childlike, depends on questions of linguistic
tact, and can hardly be judged with any confidence by foreigners. But I
think we can see Euripides here, as in other places, reaching out at an
effect which was really beyond the resources of his art, and attaining a
result which, though clearly imperfect, is strangely moving. He gets great
effects from the use of children in several tragedies, though he seldom
lets them speak. They speak in the _Medea_, the _Andromache_,
and _Suppliants_, and are mute figures in the _Trojan Women,
Hecuba, Heracles_, and _Iphigenia in Aulis_. We may notice that
where his children do speak, they speak only in lyrics, never in ordinary
dialogue. This is very significant, and clearly right.
The breaking-down of the child seems to string Admetus to self-control
again.
P. 25, l. 428, Ye chariot-lords.]--The plain of Thessaly was famous for
its cavalry.
P. 25, l. 436 ff., Chorus.]--The "King black-browed" is, of course, Hades;
the "grey hand at the helm and oar," Charon; the "Tears that Well," the
more that spreads out from Acheron, the River of _Achê_ or Sorrows.
P. 25, l. 445 ff. Alcestis shall be celebrated--and no doubt worshipped--
at certain full-moon feasts in Athens and Sparta, especially at the
Carneia, a great Spartan festival held at the full moon in the month
Carneios (August-September). Who the ancient hero Carnos or Carneios was
is not very clearly stated by the tradition; but at any rate he was
killed, and the feast was meant to placate and perhaps to revive him.
Resurrection is apt to be a feature of both moon-goddesses and vegetation
spirits.
P. 27, l. 476, Entrance of Heracles.]--Generally, in the tragic
convention, each character that enters either announces himself or is
announced by some one on the stage; but the figure of Heracles with his
club and lion-skin was so well known that his identity could be taken for
granted. The Leader at once addresses him by name.
P. 27, l. 481, The Argive King.]--It was the doom of Heracles, from before
his birth, to be the servant of a worser man. His master proved to be
Eurystheus, King of Tiryns or Argos, who was his kinsman, and older by a
day. See _Iliad_ T 95 ff. Note the heroic quality of Heracles's
answer in l. 491. It does not occur to him to think of reward for himself.
P. 27, l. 483, Diomede of Thrace.]--This man, distinguished in legend from
the Diomede of the _Iliad_, was a savage king who threw wayfarers to
his man-eating horses. Such horses are not mere myths; horses have often
been trained to fight with their teeth, like carnivora, for war purposes.
Diomêdes was a son of Arês, the War-god or Slayer, as were the other wild
tyrants mentioned just below, Lycâon, the Wolf-hero, and Cycnus, the Swan.
P. 30, l. 511, Right welcome were she: _i.e._ Joy.]--"Joy would be a
strange visitor to me, but I know you mean kindly."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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