TREES, SHRUBS, OR VINES WITH WATERY JUICE. Leaves deciduous. _Flowers in catkins._ Staminate and pistillate catkins on different plants; seed with white, silky hairs. =Salicaceæ.= Staminate and pistillate catkins on the same plant; fruit cone-like. =Betulaceæ.= _Flowers not in catkins._ (A) Trees. Leaves simple, not lobed; flowers white. =Drupaceæ.= Leaves lobed; flowers greenish-yellow. =Aceraceæ.= Leaves pinnate; flowers white. =Pomaceæ.= (B) Shrubs or vines. *Stems spiny erect or trailing. (_a_) Leaves simple or lobed. Flowers small in dense terminal racemes. =Araliaceæ.= Flowers few in axillary clusters or racemes. =Grossulariaceæ.= (_b_) Leaves pinnate or palmate. =Rosaceæ.= **Stems not spiny but with minute scales; fruit silver, scarlet or orange berries. =Elæagnaceæ.= ***Stems erect, smooth. (_a_) Petals distinct. †Leaves simple. Flowers small, in flat heads or clusters. Petals 4; stamens 4. =Cornaceæ.= Petals 5; stamens numerous. =Rosaceæ.=