An account of a useful discovery to distill double the usual quantity of sea-water, by blowing showers of air up through the distilling liquor : $b and an account of the great benefit of ventilators in many instances, in preserving the health and lives of people, in slave and other transport ships ... also an account of the good effect of blowing showers of air up through milk, thereby to cure the ill taste which is occasioned by some kinds of food of cows.Hales, Stephen
History
An account of a useful discovery to distill double the usual quantity of sea-water, by blowing showers of air up through the distilling liquor : $b and an account of the great benefit of ventilators in many instances, in preserving the health and lives of people, in slave and other transport ships ... also an account of the good effect of blowing showers of air up through milk, thereby to cure the ill taste which is occasioned by some kinds of food of cows.
Hales, Stephen
Seawater -- Distillation; Ships -- Heating and ventilation
21. Now that several effectual Means are discovered, to make distilled
Sea-water wholsome, and also to distill it in much greater Quantity in
the same Still, in the same Time, and with nearly the same Quantity of
Fuel; it is reasonable to believe, that it will be of great Benefit to
Navigation, not only in saving much stowage room, for other important
Purposes; but also in procuring fresh sweet wholsome Water, instead of
stinking putrid Water, hitherto used; which must needs have a Tendency
to promote that putrid Distemper, the Scurvy. And if withal due Care
be taken, to exchange for fresh Air the putrid close confined Air of
Ships, which has occasioned the Death of Millions of Mankind; then
Navigation will become remarkably more healthy, and with little more
Danger to Health and Life, than at Land, except from Storms.
22. Now supposing, that in a sixty Gun Ship, the 110 Tuns of Water,
for four Months use, were distilled at the Expence of three Bushels of
Coals to a Tun, this would consume nine Chaldrons of Coals: And as a
Chaldron of Coals weighs about a Tun and half; hence it appears that
Coals will distill about eight times their Quantity of Water. And the
110 Tuns of Water weighing (at the Rate of 2240 Pounds to the Tun)
138 Tuns; and the nine Chaldrons of Coals weighing thirteen Tuns and
half, that is 94 Tuns and half less than the 110 Tuns of Store-water;
and allowing twenty-four Tuns and half for the Still, Water-casks, and
Coals, there will be 70 Tuns Weight of Stowage saved thereby for _other
Uses_. Or if some Tuns of Store-water are carried by way of Precaution,
which it will be advisable to do, especially at first, till they can
be assured, by repeated Experience, what Quantity can be depended upon
by Distillation; even then about half the Tunnage will be saved, which
will be a very material Advantage.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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