An American Religious Movement : A Brief History of the Disciples of ChristGarrison, Winfred Ernest
History
An American Religious Movement : A Brief History of the Disciples of Christ
Garrison, Winfred Ernest
Disciples of Christ -- History
The action of all these influences upon Alexander Campbell’s mind, and
of his mind upon what he saw and learned of Presbyterianism in Scotland,
brought him to a profound dissatisfaction with it. He had no quarrel
with its theology. Near the end of his year in Glasgow, when he was
examined by the Seceder church to determine his fitness to partake of
the communion—because he brought no credentials, and the Seceders were
very careful to permit no unqualified person to commune—no fault was
found with his profession of faith, and he received the “token” which
would admit him to the table. But at the communion service, after
postponing his decision to the last possible moment, he laid down his
token and walked out. This was, in effect, his break with the Seceder
Presbyterian Church. He never went back.
Alexander Campbell and the family sailed for America early in August,
1809, landed at New York on September 29, and proceeded to Philadelphia
by stage-coach and thence westward by wagon. Word had been sent ahead to
Thomas Campbell, and he met them on the road in western Pennsylvania,
October 19, with a copy of the freshly printed _Declaration and Address_
in his pocket. Father and son, with an ocean between them, had
independently broken with their religious past and moved by converging
paths toward the same goal. Alexander read the _Declaration and Address_
and was enthusiastic about it. It marshaled him the way that he was
going.
The “Declaration and Address”
The _Declaration and Address_ is one of the most important documents in
the history of the Disciples. It deserves not only reading in full but
careful study. As published in a later edition, it is a pamphlet of
fifty-six pages containing four parts: first, a Declaration (3 pages)
stating briefly the plans and purposes of the Christian Association of
Washington; second, an Address (18 pages), signed by Thomas Campbell and
Thomas Acheson, giving an extended argument for the unity of all
Christians and amplifying the principles on which the church can regain
its original unity and purity; third, an Appendix (31 pages) explaining
several points in the Address; fourth, a Postscript (3 pages), written
three months later, suggesting steps to be taken for the promotion of
the movement.
The Declaration states the aim and the means of attaining it. The aim:
“unity, peace, and purity.” The means: “rejecting human opinions, ...
returning to, and holding fast by, the original standard.” The method of
procedure is outlined under nine heads:
1. The formation of a religious association “for the sole purpose of
promoting simple evangelical Christianity, free from all mixture of
human opinions and inventions of men.”
2. Contributions “to support a pure Gospel Ministry, that shall reduce
to practice that whole form of doctrine, worship, discipline, and
government, expressly revealed and enjoined in the word of God.”
3. The formation of similar societies.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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