There is one fact in regard to the choice of the leading object of desire,
or the governing purpose of life, which is very important. Certain modes
of enjoyment, in consequence of repetition, increase the desire, but
lessen the capacity of happiness from this source; while, in regard to
others, gratification increases the desire, and at the same time increases
the capacity for enjoyment.
The enjoyments through the senses are of the first kind. It will be found,
as a matter of universal experience, that where this has been chosen as
the main purpose of life, though the desire for such pleasures is
continually increased, yet, owing to the physical effects of excessive
indulgence, the capacity for enjoyment is decreased. Thus the man who so
degrades his nature as to make the pleasures of eating and drinking the
great pursuit of life, while his desires never abate, finds his zest for
such enjoyments continually decreasing, and a perpetual need for new
devices to stimulate appetite and awaken the dormant capacities. The
pleasures of sense always pall from repetition—grow “stale, flat and
unprofitable,” though the deluded being who has thus slavishly yielded to
such appetites feels himself bound by chains of habit, which, even when
enjoyment ceases, seldom are broken.
The pleasures derived from the exercise of power, when its attainment
becomes the master passion, are also of this description. The statesman,
the politician, the conqueror, are all seeking for this, and desire never
abates while any thing of the kind remains to be attained. We do not find
that enjoyment increases in proportion as power is secured. On the
contrary, it seems to cloy in possession. Alexander, the conqueror of the
world, when he had gained _all_, wept that objects of desire were extinct,
and that possession could not satisfy.
But there are other sources of happiness for which the desire ever
continues, and possession only increases the capacity for enjoyment. Of
this class is the susceptibility of happiness from _giving and receiving
affection_. Here, the more there is given and received, the more is the
power of giving and receiving increased. We find that this principle
outlives every other, and even the decays of nature itself. When tottering
age on the borders of the grave is just ready to resign its wasted
tenement, often from its dissolving ashes the never‐dying spark of
affection has burst forth with new and undiminished luster. This is that
immortal fountain of happiness always increased by imparting, never
surcharged by receiving.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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