An account of this discovery of Mr. Grey, is thus abridged from the
Philosophical Transactions, by Dr. Priestley. “In the month of February
1729, Mr. Grey, after some fruitless attempts to excite an electric
power in metals, recollected a suspicion he had for some time
entertained, that as a glass tube, when excited in the dark,
communicated its light to various bodies, it might at the same time
possibly communicate to them an electricity; that is, a power of
attracting light bodies; which, as yet, was all that was understood by
the word _electricity_. For this purpose he provided himself with a
glass tube, three feet five inches long, and near one inch and
two-tenths in diameter. To each end was fitted a cork; to keep the dust
out when the tube was not in use. His first experiments were made with a
view to determine whether a tube would attract equally well with the
ends shut, as with them open. In this respect there was no difference;
but he found that the corks attracted and repelled light substances, as
well, and rather better than the tube itself. He then fixed an ivory
ball upon a stalk of fir about four inches long, and thrusting the end
of the stalk into one of the corks, he found the ball endowed with a
strong attractive and repulsive virtue. This experiment he repeated in
many different ways; fixing the ball upon long sticks, and upon pieces
of brass and iron wire, always with the same success; but he constantly
observed, that the ball at the end attracted more vigorously, than that
part of the wire nearest the tube.
“The inconvenience of using long wires in this manner, put Mr. Grey upon
trying whether the ball might be suspended by a pack-thread, with a loop
on the tube, with equal success; and the event fully answered his
expectation. Having thus suspended bodies of the greatest length he
conveniently could, to his tube, he ascended a balcony 26 feet high, and
fastening a string to his tube, found that the ball would attract light
bodies on the ground below. This experiment succeeded in the greatest
heights to which he could ascend; after which, he attempted to carry the
electricity horizontally. His first attempt miscarried, because he
suspended his line, which was intended to carry the electricity
horizontally, by a pack-thread; and thus the fluid got off from it; but
though Mr. Grey knew this was the case, he could not at any time think
of any method to prevent it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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