An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1: MDCXC, Based on the 2nd Edition, Books 1 and 2Locke, John
Philosophy
An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1: MDCXC, Based on the 2nd Edition, Books 1 and 2
Locke, John
Knowledge, Theory of -- Early works to 1800
I easily grant that there are great numbers of opinions which, by men
of different countries, educations, and tempers, are received and
embraced as first and unquestionable principles; many whereof, both for
their absurdity as well as oppositions to one another, it is impossible
should be true. But yet all those propositions, how remote soever from
reason are so sacred somewhere or other, that men even of good
understanding in other matters, will sooner part with their lives, and
whatever is dearest to them, than suffer themselves to doubt, or others
to question, the truth of them.
22. How men commonly come by their Principles.
This, however strange it may seem, is that which every day’s experience
confirms; and will not, perhaps, appear so wonderful, if we consider
the ways and steps by which it is brought about; and how really it may
come to pass, that doctrines that have been derived from no better
original than the superstition of a nurse, or the authority of an old
woman, may, by length of time and consent of neighbours, grow up to the
dignity of PRINCIPLES in religion or morality. For such, who are
careful (as they call it) to principle children well, (and few there be
who have not a set of those principles for them, which they believe
in,) instil into the unwary, and as yet unprejudiced, understanding,
(for white paper receives any characters,) those doctrines they would
have them retain and profess. These being taught them as soon as they
have any apprehension; and still as they grow up confirmed to them,
either by the open profession or tacit consent of all they have to do
with; or at least by those of whose wisdom, knowledge, and piety they
have an opinion, who never suffer those propositions to be otherwise
mentioned but as the basis and foundation on which they build their
religion and manners, come, by these means, to have the reputation of
unquestionable, self-evident, and innate truths.
23. Principles supposed innate because we do not remember when we began
to hold them.
To which we may add, that when men so instructed are grown up, and
reflect on their own minds, they cannot find anything more ancient
there than those opinions, which were taught them before their memory
began to keep a register of their actions, or date the time when any
new thing appeared to them; and therefore make no scruple to conclude,
that those propositions of whose knowledge they can find in themselves
no original, were certainly the impress of God and nature upon their
minds, and not taught them by any one else. These they entertain and
submit to, as many do to their parents with veneration; not because it
is natural: nor do children do it where they are not so taught; but
because, having been always so educated, and having no remembrance of
the beginning of this respect, they think it is natural.
24. How such principles come to be held.
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