An Essay in Aid of a Grammar of AssentNewman, John Henry
Religion
An Essay in Aid of a Grammar of Assent
Newman, John Henry
Faith; Theism
Thus, the Angels have been considered by divines to have each of them
a species to himself; and we may fancy each of them so absolutely _sui
similis_ as to be like nothing else, so that it would be as untrue
to speak of a thousand Angels as of a thousand Hannibals or Ciceros.
It will be said, indeed, that all beings but One at least will come
under the notion of creatures, and are dependent upon that One; but
that is true of the brain, smile, and height of Napoleon, which no one
would call three creatures. But, if all this be so, much more does it
apply to our speculations concerning the Supreme Being, whom it may
be unmeaning, not only to number with other beings, but to subject to
number in regard to His own intrinsic characteristics. That is, to
apply arithmetical notions to Him may be as unphilosophical as it is
profane. Though He is at once Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, the word
“Trinity” belongs to those notions of Him which are forced on us by the
necessity of our finite conceptions, the real and immutable distinction
which exists between Person and Person implying in itself no
infringement of His real and numerical Unity. And if it be asked how,
if we cannot properly speak of Him as Three, we can speak of Him as
One, I reply that He is not One in the way in which created things are
severally units; for one, as applied to ourselves, is used in contrast
to two or three and a whole series of numbers; but of the Supreme Being
it is safer to use the word “monad” than unit, for He has not even such
relation to His creatures as to allow, philosophically speaking, of our
contrasting Him with them.
Coming back to the main subject, which I have illustrated at the
risk of digression, I observe, that an alleged fact is not therefore
impossible because it is inconceivable; for the incompatible notions,
in which consists its inconceivableness, need not each of them really
belong to it in that fulness which involves their being incompatible
with each other. It is true indeed that I deny the possibility of
two straight lines enclosing a space, on the ground of its being
inconceivable; but I do so because a straight line is a notion and
nothing more, and not a thing, to which I may have attached a notion
more or less unfaithful. I have defined a straight line in my own way
at my own pleasure; the question is not one of facts at all, but of
the consistency with each other of definitions and of their logical
consequences.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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