An Essay in Aid of a Grammar of AssentNewman, John Henry
Religion
An Essay in Aid of a Grammar of Assent
Newman, John Henry
Faith; Theism
This vivid apprehension of religious objects, on which I have been
enlarging, is independent of the written records of Revelation; it
does not require any knowledge of Scripture, nor of the history or the
teaching of the Catholic Church. It is independent of books. But if
so much may be traced out in the twilight of Natural Religion, it is
obvious how great an addition in fulness and exactness is made to our
mental image of the Divine Personality and Attributes, by the light of
Christianity. And, indeed, to give us a clear and sufficient object
for our faith, is one main purpose of the supernatural Dispensations
of Religion. This purpose is carried out in the written Word, with
an effectiveness which inspiration alone could secure, first, by
the histories which form so large a portion of the Old Testament;
and scarcely less impressively in the prophetical system, as it is
gradually unfolded and perfected in the writings of those who were
its ministers and spokesmen. And as the exercise of the affections
strengthens our apprehension of the object of them, it is impossible to
exaggerate the influence exerted on the religious imagination by a book
of devotions so sublime, so penetrating, so full of deep instruction
as the Psalter, to say nothing of other portions of the Hagiographa.
And then as regards the New Testament, the Gospels, from their subject,
contain a manifestation of the Divine Nature, so special, as to make
it appear from the contrast as if nothing were known of God, when they
are unknown. Lastly, the Apostolic Epistles, the long history of the
Church, with its fresh exhibitions of Divine Agency, the Lives of the
Saints, and the reasonings, internal collisions, and decisions of the
Theological School, form an extended comment on the words and works of
our Lord.
I think I need not say more in illustration of the subject which I
proposed for consideration in this Section. I have wished to trace
the process by which the mind arrives, not only at a notional, but
at an imaginative or real assent to the doctrine that there is One
God, that is, an assent made with an apprehension, not only of what
the words of the proposition mean, but of the object denoted by them.
Without a proposition or thesis there can be no assent, no belief, at
all; any more than there can be an inference without a conclusion. The
proposition that there is One Personal and Present God may be held in
either way; either as a theological truth, or as a religious fact or
reality. The notion and the reality assented-to are represented by
one and the same proposition, but serve as distinct interpretations
of it. When the proposition is apprehended for the purposes of proof,
analysis, comparison, and the like intellectual exercises, it is used
as the expression of a notion; when for the purposes of devotion, it
is the image of a reality. Theology, properly and directly, deals with
notional apprehension; religion with imaginative.
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