An Essay in Aid of a Grammar of AssentNewman, John Henry
Religion
An Essay in Aid of a Grammar of Assent
Newman, John Henry
Faith; Theism
Here we have the solution of the common mistake of supposing that there
is a contrariety and antagonism between a dogmatic creed and vital
religion. People urge that salvation consists, not in believing the
propositions that there is a God, that there is a Saviour, that our
Lord is God, that there is a Trinity, but in believing in God, in a
Saviour, in a Sanctifier; and they object that such propositions are
but a formal and human medium destroying all true reception of the
Gospel, and making religion a matter of words or of logic, instead
of its having its seat in the heart. They are right so far as this,
that men can and sometimes do rest in the propositions themselves as
expressing intellectual notions; they are wrong, when they maintain
that men need do so or always do so. The propositions may and must be
used, and can easily be used, as the expression of facts, not notions,
and they are necessary to the mind in the same way that language is
ever necessary for denoting facts, both for ourselves as individuals,
and for our intercourse with others. Again, they are useful in their
dogmatic aspect as ascertaining and making clear for us the truths
on which the religious imagination has to rest. Knowledge must ever
precede the exercise of the affections. We feel gratitude and love, we
feel indignation and dislike, when we have the informations actually
put before us which are to kindle those several emotions. We love our
parents, as our parents, when we know them to be our parents; we must
know concerning God, before we can feel love, fear, hope, or trust
towards Him. Devotion must have its objects; those objects, as being
supernatural, when not represented to our senses by material symbols,
must be set before the mind in propositions. The formula, which
embodies a dogma for the theologian, readily suggests an object for the
worshipper. It seems a truism to say, yet it is all that I have been
saying, that in religion the imagination and affections should always
be under the control of reason. Theology may stand as a substantive
science, though it be without the life of religion; but religion
cannot maintain its ground at all without theology. Sentiment, whether
imaginative or emotional, falls back upon the intellect for its stay,
when sense cannot be called into exercise; and it is in this way that
devotion falls back upon dogma.
§ 2. Belief in the Holy Trinity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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