unpunished._ Then debating the matter with the cardinals, he, by a definitive sentence, damned and cassated forever the Charter of Liberties, and sent the king a bull containing that sentence at large."--_Echard's History of England_, p. 106-7. These things show that the nature and effect of the charter were well understood by the king and his friends; that they all agreed that he was effectually stripped of power. _Yet the legislative power had not been taken from him; but only the power to enforce his laws, unless juries should freely consent to their enforcement._] [Footnote 14: The laws were, at that time, all written in Latin.] [Footnote 15: "No man shall be condemned at the king's suit, either before the king in his bench, where pleas are _coram rege_, (before the king,) (and so are the words _nec super eum ibimus_, to be understood,) nor before any other commissioner or judge whatsoever, and so are the words _nec super eum mittemus_, to be understood, but by the judgment of his peers, that is, equals, or according to the law of the land."--_2 Coke's Inst._, 46.] [Footnote 16: Perhaps the assertion in the text should be made with this qualification--that the words "_per legem terræ_," (according to the law of the land,) and the words "_per legale judicium parium suorum_," (according to the _legal_ judgment of his peers,) imply that the king, before proceeding to any _executive_ action, will take notice of "the law of the land," and of the _legality_ of the judgment of the peers, and will _execute_ upon the prisoner nothing except what the law of the land authorizes, and no judgments of the peers, except _legal_ ones. With this qualification, the assertion in the text is strictly correct--that there is nothing in the whole chapter that grants to the king, or his judges, any _judicial_ power at all. The chapter only describes and _limits_ his _executive_ power.] [Footnote 17: See Blackstone's Law Tracts, page 294, Oxford Edition.] [Footnote 18: These Articles of the Charter are given in Blackstone's collection of Charters, and are also printed with the _Statutes of the Realm_. Also in Wilkins' Laws of the Anglo-Saxons, p. 356.]