An essay towards a natural history of serpentsOwen, Charles
History
An essay towards a natural history of serpents
Owen, Charles
Serpent worship -- Early works to 1800; Serpents -- Early works to 1800; Serpents -- Religious aspects -- Early works to 1800
The terrestrial _Druina_ lives upon Frogs, and other Insects; many of
them are found in _Africa-Interior_, and the _Hellespont_ by
_Constantinople_. It is a fetid Animal, and sends forth an ill Scent,
especially when its Body is wounded[176].
Footnote 176:
_Ælian._ _Gyllius._ _Gesner._
This Serpent exceeds most in bulk, and loudness in hissing, which
resembles the Cry of _Sheep_ and _Goats_, ibid. _Gyllius_ makes the
_Druina_ to be the _Chelydrus_, described by the Poet, who makes it a
_Calabrian_[177]: Of which, more in another place.
Footnote 177:
——_Nidore chelydros
Est etiam ille malus colubris in saltibus anguis
Postquam exhausta palus._—Virg. Georg. l. iii. This is applied also
to the _Hydrus_.
XVII. The _Elops_ or _Elaphis_ of the Antients, which some confound with
the _Cæcilia_, as _Jonstonus_ observes: It is of the amphibious Sort,
and known at _Lemnos_, where ’tis call’d _Laphiati_ by the Natives. In
_Aldrovandus_’s Study, _Ambrosinus_ saw the Picture of this Serpent,
which was about three Foot long; the Belly is of a yellow Colour, the
Back is brown, and distinguishable by three black Lines[178].
Footnote 178:
_Ray._
There is a _marine Elope_, an Animal counted sacred by the Poets, a Set
of merry Mortals, famous for turning every thing into a _God_, or
_Ridicule_. The Historian mentions a certain Fish so called, that upon
any loud Noise made on Land near the Shore, would immediately hasten
towards the Place, as if it would see who durst rival _Triton_ in Sound;
_Triton_, Herald of _Neptune_, Sovereign of the Sea.
XVIII. The _Pareas_ or _Parvas_, is a Serpent of a fiery Colour, sharp
Eyes, wide Mouth, two Feet situated near the Tail, by which its Motion
is guided[179]: It is called the Serpent of _Esculapius_, being of a
gentle, innocent, friendly Nature. In _Italy_ they frequent Houses, and
are no more dangerous than common Eels; and if provoked to exercise
their Teeth, there is nothing venemous in the Bite. This is supposed by
some to be the _Italian Baron_: One of its commendable Properties is,
that it devours poisonous Serpents; and therefore is sacred to the
Mysteries, and highly esteem’d in the Temple of _Dionysius_.
Footnote 179:
_Et contentus, iter cauda sulcare Pareas._ Lucan. Phars. 270.
_Gesner_[180], from _Albertus_ says, it goes as it were upright, on its
Tail, not perpendicularly upon the sharp End, but on that Part of the
Body joined to the Tail: It is bred in _Syria_, _Alexandria_, and in the
East, _&c._ These Serpents are known also in _Spain_ and other temperate
Regions, and every where esteemed Enemies to hurtful Serpents, and
Friends to Mankind; therefore were consecrated to the divine
_Esculapius_, that great and glorious Exemplar of Humanity.
Footnote 180:
_Quasi totus erectus graditur super caudam._ l. v. p. 65.
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