An examination of some methods employed in determining the atomic weight of Cadmium — John Shaqi
An examination of some methods employed in determining the atomic weight of CadmiumBucher, John Emery
History
An examination of some methods employed in determining the atomic weight of Cadmium
Bucher, John Emery
Cadmium; Thesis (Ph. D.)
A piece of hard glass tube was closed at one end by fusion and the other
end drawn out into a small tube which was then bent twice at right
angles. The large part was cut off near the beginning of the smaller
tube, and the edges rounded by fusion. It was filled with dilute
sulfuric acid and heated for some time to remove soluble matter from the
glass. After removing this acid, a weighed piece of cadmium was
introduced and an excess of dilute sulphuric acid (1: 3) added. The tube
contained a small piece of platinum to aid the solution of the cadmium.
During the process of solution, the two parts of the glass tube were
held together by a rubber band, and the outlet of the smaller tube
dipped under pure water contained in a small tube closed at one end.
[Illustration: Fig. 2.]
A section of the arrangement is shown in figure 2. Solution was aided by
the application of heat. These precautions in dissolving the metal were
taken to prevent loss by spraying. After the metal had been dissolved,
the solution and the water through which the hydrogen had escaped were
transferred to a porcelain crucible. An equal amount of sulphuric acid
was then added to the tare and both were heated until fumes of sulphuric
acid ceased to come off. The crucible containing the dry sulphate was
next placed an a porcelain plate in a nickel crucible set in a hole in
an asbestos board. This was placed over the flame of a Bunsen burner, so
that the bottom of the nickel crucible was barely at a red heat. The
temperature on the inside of this bath was considerably lower. After the
weight had become nearly constant, the sulphate was tested for sulphuric
acid by means of standard alkali using tropaeolin as an indicator. It
was found acid, but so slightly that no attempt was made to estimate it.
Result = 112.35 is preliminary.
Another synthesis was made as follows: A platinum crucible, lid and
perforated cone were place in a large weighing-glass and tared with a
similar weighing-glass containing a platinum crucible, platinum foil
being added until the weights were equal. After these had been
accurately weighed, a weighed piece of cadmium was added to the one
containing the cone. The cone was inverted over the piece of metal on
the bottom of the platinum crucible. A considerable excess of dilute (1:
3) sulphuric acid was then added, the lid whose edge was bent down
placed on the crucible, and the weighing-glass stoppered loosely. This
was placed in an air-bath, and gently warmed during the later part of
the process of solution. There is no difficulty in getting complete
solution if a sufficient excess of acid is used. A vertical section of
the crucible and weighing-glass is shown in figure 3.
[Illustration: 3]
This arrangement avoids loss from spraying, and the necessity of
transferring the solution from a tube to a crucible as in the first
experiment.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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