Contemplating then these stupendous events with the cool eye of observation, the judgement, difficult to be preserved unwarped under the pressure of the calamitous horrours produced by desperate and enraged factions, will continually perceive that it is the uncontaminated mass of the french nation, whose minds begin to grasp the sentiments of freedom, that has secured the equilibrium of the state; often tottering on the brink of annihilation; in spite of the folly, selfishness, madness, treachery, and more fatal mock patriotism, the common result of depraved manners, the concomitant of that servility and voluptuousness which for so long a space of time has embruted the higher orders of this celebrated nation. By thus attending to circumstances, we shall be able to discern clearly that the revolution was neither produced by the abilities or intrigues of a few individuals; nor was the effect of sudden and short-lived enthusiasm; but the natural consequence of intellectual improvement, gradually proceeding to perfection in the advancement of communities, from a state of barbarism to that of polished society, till now arrived at the point when sincerity of principles seems to be hastening the overthrow of the tremendous empire of superstition and hypocrisy, erected upon the ruins of gothic brutality and ignorance. CONTENTS. _BOOK I._ CHAPTER I. _Introduction. Progress of society. End of government. Rise of political discussion amongst the french. Revolution in America. Virtue attempted to be built on false principles. The croisades, and the age of chivalry. Administration of Richelieu, and of Cardinal Mazarin. Theatrical entertainments, and dramatic poets of the french—Moliere,—Corneille,—Racine. Louis XIV. The regency.—Louis XV._ page 1. CHAP. II. _Marie-Antoinette. Louis XVI. Administration of Necker, and of Calonne. Notables convened. Calonne disgraced,—and obliged to flee the kingdom. His character. Causes of the enslaved state of Europe._ p. 33. CHAP. III. _Administration of de Brienne. Dissolution of the notables. Land tax and stamp duty recommended by them, but refused to be sanctioned by the parliament. Bed of justice. The parliament banished to Troyes,—but soon compromised for its recall. Struggles of the court party to prevent the convocation of the states-general. Banishment of the duke of Orleans, and two spirited members of the parliament. Cour pléniere. Remarks on the parliaments. Imprisonment of the members. Deputies of the Province of Britanny sent to the Bastille. The soldiery let loose upon the people._ p. 48. CHAP. IV.