Thus we have G. Elievant, who wrote a declaration of Anarchist principles (_Declarations_, Paris, 1893), in consequence of a charge made against him in 1893 in connection with the dynamite robbery at Soisy-sous-Etiolles, a book regarded by the Anarchists as one of the standard works of their literature. A. Hamon, a learned sociologist, has written a pamphlet, _Les Hommes et les Theories de l'Anarchie_ (Paris, 1893), which has enjoyed a wide circulation; and is preparing a large _Psychology of Anarchists_, of which he has already published a short summary (see Dubois, _u. s._, pp. 207-243). Hamon, in order to gain a knowledge empirically of the assumptions of psychology, has set on foot an inquiry (enquete), and put to several Anarchists the question, how and why they have become Anarchists. An examination of the confessions thus obtained showed that the chief peculiarity of the Anarchist mind is the inclination to revolt, which displays itself in the most various forms, such as a desire for opposition, criticism, and love of modernity (_philoneismus_); and that this tendency is combined with a remarkable love of freedom and strongly developed individuality. "The Anarchist must be free: he hates laws and authority"--all three traits unite in one; but Hamon's investigations completely confirm our assertion, that Anarchism is principally an emphasising of the sentiment of individuality and freedom, and cannot be explained sufficiently--perhaps not at all--by mere pauperism; in other words, Anarchism is not an economic but a political question. But to this predisposition to individualism, says Hamon, there must be united, in order to produce an Anarchist, also a strongly developed sentiment of Altruism, a fanatical love of humanity, a strong sense of justice, and finally, a keen faculty for logic. We do not wish to deny this; but we have seen that Cosmopolitanism, an over-excited sense of justice, and a certain tendency to dialectic _jeux d'esprit_, has been a common quality of all the doctrines we have hitherto described. Charles Malato (de Corne), of the old Italian nobility, the son of a Communist, with whom he went to New Caledonia, is one of the chief literary representatives and more eager supporters of the propaganda of Anarchism in Paris. Besides a _Philosophy of Anarchy_, a book called _Revolution Chretienne et Revolution Sociale_, and the widely circulated pamphlet, _Les Travailleurs des Villes aux Travailleurs des campagnes_ (issued anonymously in 1888, and recently again at Lyons in 1893), he has written a long-winded diary, _De la Commune a l'Anarchie_ (Paris, 1894), a kind of family history of Anarchism in Paris, its press, its groups, and its representatives, from doctrinaires like Grave and Kropotkin to the men of action like Pini, Ravachol, and Vaillant.