Ancient calendars and constellationsPlunket, Emmeline M. (Emmeline Mary)
History
Ancient calendars and constellations
Plunket, Emmeline M. (Emmeline Mary)
Astronomy, Ancient; Calendar; Constellations
In the astronomical tablets (of the 1st and 2nd cent. B.C.) translated
by Epping and Strassmaier, the twelve constellations of the Babylonian
Zodiac are constantly referred to. Their names appear under very
abbreviated forms in the tablets, and are as follows:[22]--
1. [Illustration: cuneiform] (_ku_(_sarikku_)) = aries.
2. [Illustration: cuneiform] (_te_(_mennu_)) = taurus.
3. [Illustration: cuneiform] (_mašu_) = gemini.
4. [Illustration: cuneiform] (_pulukku_) = cancer.
5. [Illustration: cuneiform] (_arū_) = leo.
6. [Illustration: cuneiform] (_serû_) = virgo.
7. [Illustration: cuneiform] (_zibanîtu_) = libra.
8. [Illustration: cuneiform] (_aqrabu_) = scorpio.
9. [Illustration: cuneiform] (_pa_) = arcitenens.
10. [Illustration: cuneiform] (_enzu_) = caper.
11. [Illustration: cuneiform] (_gu_) = amphora [aquarius].
12. [Illustration: cuneiform] (_zib_) = pisces.
[22] _Zeitschrift für Assyriologie_, v Band, 4 Heft, Oct. 1890, p.
351.
Also in Epping and Strassmaier’s work, _Astronomisches aus Babylon_,
under the heading _Die Zeichen des Thierkreises_, pp. 170, 171, and
_Namen der Sterne_, pp. 174, 175, the twelve abbreviations met with in
the tablets are discussed at some length.
From a study of the list here given and of the passages referred to,
we learn that it has been found possible to suggest for some of the
abbreviations suitable terminations, and in the completed words thus
obtained, the familiar constellations of the Zodiac, as we know them,
are easily to be recognized.
As regards other of the abbreviations, and amongst them that of
[Illustration] (Gu) for the eleventh sign (Amphora or Aquarius), no
termination has been suggested; and of it Strassmaier thus writes:[23]
p. 171:--“Gu ist sonst fast ausschliesslich nur als Silbenzeichen
gu bekannt”; and Jensen, discussing Epping and Strassmaier’s
constellation list, writes thus of the abbreviation Gu for the eleventh
constellation:[24] “Ob Gu einen ‘Wassereimer,’ ‘Schöpfeimer,’
bezeichnen kann, weiss ich nicht. Die bisher veröffentlichten Texte
geben keinen Aufschluss darüber.”
[23] _Astronomisches aus Babylon._
[24] _Kosmologie der Babylonier_, p. 314.
As a probable completion for the abbreviation Gu, the following
suggestion is here put forward:--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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