Ancient calendars and constellationsPlunket, Emmeline M. (Emmeline Mary)
History
Ancient calendars and constellations
Plunket, Emmeline M. (Emmeline Mary)
Astronomy, Ancient; Calendar; Constellations
This moderate, and, as it reads, judicial opinion of Varāhamihira,
touching the superiority of the native _Sūrya Siddhānta_ over the
Pauliśa and Romaka Siddhāntas, may be appealed to as not conveying the
impression that when Varāha wrote his co-religionists and scientists
were accepting, wholesale and with avidity, Grecian astronomic methods
in place of their own already well-established native science. It is
true that in Varāha’s work many words evidently of Grecian origin are
to be met with; and some scholars have claimed that these “Greek terms
occurring in Varāhamihira’s writings are conclusive proofs of the
Greek origin of Hindu astronomy.” That such terms should occur in a
work professedly a _resumé_ of five astronomic treatises--some of them
Indian, and some European--can scarcely be considered as conclusive
proof that in the writer’s time no purely Indian astronomic science
existed. Varāha’s writings suggest an author interested in comparing
the resemblances and the differences to be met with in home and foreign
methods, rather than one introducing for the first time important
astronomic truths to the notice of his readers.
It may be further urged that the claims to antiquity in Sanscrit
astronomical works are so well known, that those who adopt the Grecian
theory must necessarily throw discredit in a very wholesale manner
on all their authors. Bentley’s furious diatribes may be quoted as
an extreme example of the way in which the evidence of such Sanscrit
claimants to antiquity is sometimes dealt with; and it may be pointed
out that such violent denunciation cannot be looked on as convincing
argument.
“The fact is,” writes Bentley, “that literary forgeries are now so
common in India, that we can hardly know what book is genuine, and
what not: perhaps there is not one book in a hundred, nay, probably
in a thousand, that is not a forgery, in some point of view or other;
and even those that are allowed or supposed to be genuine, are found
to be full of interpolations, to answer some particular ends: nor
need we be surprised at all this, when we consider the facilities
they have for forgeries, as well as their own general inclination and
interest in following that profession; for to give the appearance of
antiquity to their books and authors increases their value, at least
in the eyes of some. Their universal propensity to forgeries, ever
since the introduction of the modern system of astronomy and immense
periods of years, in A.D. 538, are but too well known to require
any further elucidation than those already given. They are under no
restraint of laws, human or divine, and subject to no punishment,
even if detected in the most flagrant literary impositions.”[51]
[51] _A Historical View of the Hindu Astronomy_, etc., p. 181.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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