Rights of women in ancient China--The legal rule and the actual fact--Instances of irregularity in female status, both in ancient and modern China--Instances of incest and irregular marriage even in orthodox states-Women, once married, not to come back--The much-married Second Protector--Hun and Turk customs about taking over Wives--Clan marriages of doubtful legality--Succession rules-- Ts'u irregularities and caprice--Elder brothers by inferior wives--Paranymphs, or under-studies of the wife--Women always under some man's power--Incestuous fathers--_Lex Julia_ introduced into Yiieh by its vengeful King--The evil morals of the Shanghai-Ningpo region of ancient Yiieh--No prostitution in ancient China, except perhaps in Ts'i--No infanticide--Incest and names. CHAPTER XXXIX _GEOGRAPHICAL KNOWLEDGE_ Orthodox China compared with orthodox Greece--Our persistent "traditions" about the Tower of Babel and the Tarim Valley-Wu, Yiieh, and ancient traditions--The "Tribute of Yii" says nothing of Western origin of Chinese--No ancient knowledge of the West, nor of South China--The Blackwater River and the Emperor Muh--The "Tribute of Yii" says nothing of the supposed Western emigration of the Chinese--Some traditions of Chinese migrations from the south--Traditions of enfeoffment of vassals in Corea, about 1122 B.C.--Knowledge of China as defined by the First Protector, and as visited by the Second in the seventh century B.C.--Evidence of the Emperor's limited knowledge of China in 670 B.C.--Yiieh first appears in 536 B.C.--Tsin never saw the sea till 589 B.C.--Ts'i's ignorance of the south-u, Yiieh, and Ts'u all purely Yang-tsz riverine states--Ts'u alone knew the south--CHÊNG's ignorance of the south--Ts'u and orthodox China of the same ancient stock-- Tsin's ignorance of Central China--Tsin defines Chinese limits for Ts'u--Ancient orthodox nucleus was the "Central State," a name still employed to mean "China" as a whole. CHAPTER XL _TOMBS AND REMAINS._ Evidences still remaining in the shape of the tombs of great historical personages--Elephants used to work at the Wu tombs-- Royal Ts'u tomb desecrated--Relics of 1122 B.C. found in Lu--Ts'in destitute of relics--Confucius and the Duke of Chou's relics--Each generation of Chinese sees and doubts not of its own antiquities-- No reason for European scepticism--Native critics know much more than we do. CHAPTER XLI _THE TARTARS_