Ancient rhetoric and poetic : $b Interpreted from representative worksBaldwin, Charles Sears
History
Ancient rhetoric and poetic : $b Interpreted from representative works
Baldwin, Charles Sears
Classical literature -- History and criticism -- Theory, etc.; Poetics -- History -- To 1500; Rhetoric, Ancient
9. Neither does it seem to me that any one can justly find
fault with making [Philoctetes] narrate to the chorus, as
if they did not know it, his abandonment by the Achæans and
everything else that happened to him; for an unfortunate is
wont to recount his mishaps often, even to those who know them
in detail, and wearies those who have no need to hear his woes
by telling them over and over again. Moreover the deceit of
Odysseus toward Philoctetes, and the arguments by which he
induces him, are not only more in character, such as befit a
hero and unlike the pleas of Eurybatus or Patæcion, but also, I
think, more convincing. 10. For what need was there of manifold
art and device with a sick man, and a bowman at that, whose
strength became useless so soon as one but stood near? And
the announcing of the mishaps of the Achæans, that Agamemnon
was dead, that Odysseus was to blame most disgracefully, that
the army had perished utterly—all this is not only useful for
putting Philoctetes in a good humor and disposing him to accept
the speech of Odysseus, but is not in any wise improbable,
considering the length of the campaign and what had happened
not long before through the wrath of Achilles, when Hector
almost went to burn the beached ships.
11. The intelligence of Euripides, that unfailing care which
neither leaves anything unconvincing or unprovided nor simply
uses actions but [uses them] with all force in the expression,
is as it were the converse of the habit of Æschylus, being
most oratorical, most rhetorical, most available for the use
of debaters. At the very beginning, for instance, Odysseus
has been represented in the prologue as revolving in his mind
political enthymemes and at first doubtful of himself, lest
while he seems to the crowd to be wise and distinguished in
intelligence, he may be the opposite. 12. It is open to him to
live unfretted and inactive; but his wish is to be always in
deeds and dangers. The cause of this, he says, is his emulation
of men goodly and noble. For these who are bent on good report
and universal fame willingly undertake the greatest and most
difficult toils. “Nothing is born so proud as man.” Then
sapiently and precisely he discloses the plot of the drama and
why he has come to Lemnos. 13. He says he has been transformed
by Athena so that when he meets Philoctetes he shall not be
recognized. (Euripides imitates Homer in this; for Homer had
Odysseus transformed by Athena when he met not only others,
but even Eumæus and Penelope.) He says an embassy is about to
come from the Trojans to Philoctetes, to ask that he offer them
himself and his arms in return for the kingship of Troy. [Thus
Euripides] makes the action more various and invents occasions
for the arguments by which, when he turns them the other way
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