Ancient rhetoric and poetic : $b Interpreted from representative worksBaldwin, Charles Sears
History
Ancient rhetoric and poetic : $b Interpreted from representative works
Baldwin, Charles Sears
Classical literature -- History and criticism -- Theory, etc.; Poetics -- History -- To 1500; Rhetoric, Ancient
Prose diction has full liberty and permission to diversify
the _compositio_ by whatever changes it pleases. A style is
finest of all when it has the most frequent rests and changes
of harmony; when one thing is said within a period, another
without it; when one period is formed by the interweaving of a
larger number of clauses, another by that of a smaller; when
among the clauses themselves one is short, another longer, one
roughly wrought, another more finished; when the rhythms take
now one form, now another, and the figures are of all kinds,
and the voice-pitches—the so-called “accents”—are various, and
skillfully avoid satiety.[44]
Aptness,[45] or appropriateness to the actors and the action, is analyzed
rather as imitative smoothness or roughness in detail than as the speed
of the whole stanza or paragraph. Dionysius says nothing, for instance,
of the staccato effect of frequent predication. His text is the famous
stone of Sisyphus from the eleventh book of the _Odyssey_.
Finally[46] Dionysius classifies sentence movement into three typical
modes:[47] the rough (αὐστηρά), the smooth (γλαφυρά) or florid (ἀνθηρά),
and the blended (εὔκρατος). Certain accidental likenesses to the familiar
threefold classification of style[48] should not obscure the fact that we
have here something different, a classification not of style in general,
but of _compositio_. The first mode Dionysius defines as seeking rather
the force of each part than the harmony of the whole. The words stand
out separately, without fear of hiatus or other clashing of sounds, and
without care for periods.[49] The aim is rather a direct stirring of
emotion (πάθος) than a pervasive suggestion of character (ἦθος). This
sterner, elder mode, quite different from “the showy and decorative
prettiness of our day,”[50] he exemplifies, with his usual minute
analysis, from Pindar and Thucydides. The second, or smooth mode[51]
is periodic in its sentences and nicely articulated in its clauses and
phrases.
It tries to combine and interweave its component parts, and
thus give, as far as possible, the effect of one continuous
utterance. This result is produced by so nicely adjusting the
junctures that they admit no appreciable time-interval between
the words.[52]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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