It may be urged that the chick’s behaviour which has been selected for purposes of illustration, and the interpretation we have put upon it, throws too much stress on remembrance, so called, and further gives the false impression that all experience must be for _future_ guidance. There are surely numberless cases, it will be said, in which nothing of the nature of distinct memory is involved, and in which the guidance of consciousness is exercised at once over present behaviour, without any postponement to the future. Even omitting for the present the former point, the formula implied--that present experience is for future guidance--cannot be accepted in view of the familiar fact that present experience is constantly influencing present behaviour. Practically speaking, this is perfectly true: because, practically, under the term present we include quite an appreciable period of time--say, a few seconds, or even minutes. If we narrow our conception of the present, as is commonly done in philosophical discussions, to the boundary line between past and future, then it will be seen that even the guidance of what in popular speech is called present behaviour is really exercised on the _subsequent_ phases of that behaviour. At the risk of some technicality our position must be explained a little more fully. It is assumed that the data of consciousness are afforded by afferent impulses coursing inwards from the organs of special sense, or those concerned in responsive movements. This conclusion rests on such a wide body of psychological inference that it may be accepted without discussion, at any rate for our immediate purpose. The efferent impulses, those which effect the orderly contraction of the muscles, are unconscious; but when the movement is produced afferent impulses course inwards from the parts concerned in the behaviour, and these may then contribute data to consciousness.