Arabian Society in the Middle Ages: Studies From The Thousand and One NightsLane, Edward William
Islamic
Arabian Society in the Middle Ages: Studies From The Thousand and One Nights
Lane, Edward William
Arabian nights; Egypt -- Social life and customs; Islamic Empire -- Social life and customs; Social history -- Medieval, 500-1500
Another opinion stated by him is this: that when the Sheyṭáns attempt
to hear words by stealth [from the confines of the lowest heaven] they
are struck by shooting-stars; and some are burnt; some, falling into a
sea, or rather a large river (baḥr), are converted into crocodiles;
and some, falling upon the land, become Ghools. The same author adds the
following tradition:--"The Ghool is any Jinnee that is opposed to
travels, assuming various forms and appearances;"[53] and affirms that
several of the Companions of the Prophet saw Ghools in their travels,
and that ´Omar, among them, saw a Ghool while on a journey to Syria,
before El-Islám, and struck it with his sword. It appears that "Ghool"
is, properly speaking, a name only given to a _female_ demon of the kind
above described: the male is called "Ḳuṭrub." It is said that
these beings, and the Ghaddár or Gharrár, and other similar creatures
which will presently be mentioned, are the offspring of Iblees and of a
wife whom God created for him of the fire of the samoom (which here
signifies, as in an instance before mentioned, "a smokeless fire"); and
that they sprang from an egg.[54] The female Ghool, it is added, appears
to men in the deserts, in various forms, converses with them, and
sometimes yields herself to them.
The Seạláh, or Saạláh, is another demoniacal creature, described
by most authors as of the Jinn. It is said that it is mostly found in
forests; and that when it captures a man, it makes him dance, and plays
with him as the cat plays with the mouse. A man of Iṣfahán asserted
that many beings of this kind abounded in his country; that sometimes
the wolf would hunt one of them by night, and devour it, and that, when
it had seized it, the Seạláh would cry out, "Come to my help, for the
wolf devoureth me!" or it would cry, "Who will liberate me? I have a
hundred deenárs, and he shall receive them!" but the people knowing that
it was the cry of the Seạláh, no one would liberate it; and so the
wolf would eat it.[55]--An island in the sea of Eṣ-Ṣeen (China) is
called "the Island of the Seạláh," by Arab geographers, from its
being said to be inhabited by the demons so named: they are described as
creatures of hideous forms, supposed to be Sheyṭans, the offspring of
human beings and Jinn, who eat men.[56]
The Ghaddár, or Gharrár,[57] is another creature of a similar nature,
described as being found in the borders of El-Yemen, and sometimes in
Tihámeh, and in the upper parts of Egypt. It is said that it entices a
man to it, and either tortures him in a manner not to be described, or
merely terrifies him, and leaves him.[58]
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