297 The Siloam Inscription 109 298 Sennacherib Receiving Tribute at Lachish (_after Ball_) 109 299 An Altar to Unknown Gods (_after Deissmann_) 110 300 The Moabite Stone 110 301 Papyrus Containing Sayings of Jesus (_after Grenfell and Hunt_) 111 MAPS Map of Egypt to First Cataract _Facing page_ 18 Map of the Ancient World _Facing page_ 40 Map of Palestine _Facing page_ 104 PLATE Map of Jerusalem in the Time of the Jebusites and David 112 Map of Solomon’s Jerusalem 112 Map of Jerusalem from Hezekiah to the Exile 113 Map of Nehemiah’s Jerusalem 113 Map of Asmonæan Jerusalem 114 Map of Herodian Jerusalem 114 EXPLANATION OF SIGNS § = section. ibid. = the same. op. cit. = work cited. f. = and following page. ff. = and following pages. cf. = compare. v. = verse. col. = column. p. = page. [ ] in translations of tablets indicate words supplied where not decipherable. ..... in translations of tablets indicate missing line or words which cannot be supplied. INTRODUCTION One who would write on archæology and the Bible must at the outset define the scope of his undertaking, for the word archæology conveys different meanings to different people. Judgments also differ as to how things ancient can best serve the interests of the Biblical student. To many the word archæology calls up visions of ancient pottery, jewelry, swords, utensils, etc., which are valued as objects of curiosity simply because they are old. Others, when they think of archæology, call to mind excavations, in which the walls of ancient temples and cities are laid bare, so that we may see how men lived in other days. To such, archæology is identical with antiquarianism. A book on archæology and the Bible written from this point of view would confine itself to the way in which texts of Scripture are illustrated or illumined by antiquarian objects. To still others the word archæology calls up ancient tablets or papyri, inscribed with hieroglyphics or some other strange characters, from which the initiated can decipher texts that prove the truth of one’s views of Scripture. According to this view, archæology is the science of ancient documents, and a book dealing with archæology and the Bible should confine itself to the discussion of documents which confirm or illustrate the Biblical text.