Archeology of the lower Mimbres valley, New MexicoFewkes, Jesse Walter
History
Archeology of the lower Mimbres valley, New Mexico
Fewkes, Jesse Walter
Mimbres River Valley (N.M.) -- Antiquities
Mr. F. S. Dellenbaugh claims that Coronado, in 1540, passed through the
valley of the Mimbres on his way to Cibola, and that this place was
somewhere in this region, instead of at Zuñi, as taught by Bandelier
and others. The present writer recognizes that the question of the
route of Coronado is one for historical experts to answer, but believes
that new facts regarding the ruins in the Mimbres may have a bearing
upon this question and are desirable. While it can no longer be said
in opposition to Dellenbaugh’s theory that there are no ruins in the
valley between Deming and the Mexican border, we have not yet been able
to discover whether the ruins here described were or were not inhabited
in 1540.
The fragmentary notice of the ruins in the Upper Mimbres and Silver
City region by Bandelier is one of the best thus far published,
although he denies the existence of ruins now known in the great
stretch of desert from Deming to the Mexican boundary. Regarding the
ruins on the Upper Mimbres, Bandelier writes:[4]
Toward this center of drainage the aboriginal villages on the
Rio Mimbres have gravitated as far south nearly as the flow of
water is now permanent. They are very abundant on both sides of
the stream, wherever the high overhanging plateaux have left any
habitable and tillable space; they do not seem to extend east as
far as Cook’s Range, but have penetrated into the Sierra Mimbres
farther north, as far as twenty miles from the river eastward....
The total number of ruins scattered as far north as Hincks’ Ranch
on a stretch of about thirty miles along the Mimbres in the valley
proper, I estimate at about sixty.... I have not seen a village
whose population I should estimate at over one hundred, and the
majority contained ten. They were built of rubble in mud or adobe
mortar, the walls usually thin, with overwings, and a fireplace in
the corner, formed by a recess bulging out of a wall. Toward the
lower end of the permanent water course, the ruins are said to be
somewhat extensive.
Professor U. Francis Duff, in an article on the “Ruins of the Mimbres
Valley,”[5] adds a number of new sites to those mentioned above and
contributes important additions to our knowledge of the prehistoric
culture of the valley.
Dr. Walter Hough, who compiled from Bandelier and Duff, and made use of
unpublished information furnished by Professor De Lashmutt and others,
enumerates twenty-seven ruins in the Silver City and Mimbres region
to which he assigns the numbers 147–174. Many more ruins[6] might
have been included in this list, but it is not the author’s purpose,
at this time, to mention individual pueblo sites but rather to call
attention to the evidences of ruins in the Lower Mimbres Valley as an
introduction to the study of pottery there collected. The ruin from
which the majority of the bowls here considered were obtained does not
appear to have been mentioned by Bandelier, Duff, or Hough.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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