Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
Yet Soane’s most important work between 1810 and 1818 was private,
except for what he built as Architect to the Chelsea Hospital, and, in
the case of his house and his family tomb, wholly personal. All that
remains of consequence of his work at the Chelsea Hospital, the stables
of 1814-17, might as well be private, for this is no great monument with
columned portico and Pantheon-dome such as preoccupied most architects
of Soane’s generation and status abroad (Plate 28A). Rigidly astylar,
boldly arcuated, and executed in common yellowish London stock bricks,
with no more deference to the purplish walling bricks and bright
orange-red rubbed dressings of Wren’s earlier buildings at the Hospital
than to his English Baroque style, this is as utilitarian as any project
of Durand’s. Moreover, in its very simple detailing this reflects, and
quite consciously, something of that primitivistic aspect of
international Romantic Classical theory deriving from the theories of
Soane’s favourite critical author, Laugier. Above all, in the
proportioning and in the organization of the arcuated elements, the
design of the stables is personal almost to the point of perversity. It
is far more comprehensible to the abstract tastes of the twentieth
century than in accordance with the ideals most widely accepted in the
England of Soane’s own day.
Soane’s Dulwich Gallery of 1811-14, outside London, is likewise built of
common brick and has similarly primitivistic detailing. This structure
is most characteristic of its period in being a museum, indeed it is the
earliest nineteenth-century example; but it could hardly be more
different from the line of sculpture galleries that runs from Klenze’s
Glyptothek in Munich through Bindesbøll’s Thorwaldsen Museum in
Copenhagen. Nor does it much resemble the picture galleries of the
period running from those in Schinkel’s Altes Museum in Berlin through
Klenze’s Ältere Pinakothek in Munich to Voit’s Neuere Pinakothek, also
in Munich. It is least unlike the last of these, although that was
designed forty years later; this similarity may help to suggest how
confusingly advanced in style Soane, eldest of the leading architects of
the post-Napoleonic decades, remained even in middle and old age.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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