Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
But Soane’s _Rundbogenstil_—so to apply this term out of its German
context, as one might do even more properly to the Chelsea Hospital
stables—is a round-arched style with a difference. There are neither
medieval nor _quattrocento_ Italian overtones here. While Soane’s
approach was creatively personal in the detailing as well as in the
over-all organization, that approach seems most closely parallel to
Durand’s rationalism, particularly in the technical skill with which the
monitor-lighting was handled. The centrepiece of the Gallery is a
mausoleum in which Soane’s virtuosity in three-dimensional
composition—an interest that sets him well apart from most of his
generation on the Continent—and also at abstract linear ornamentation,
produced here by plain incisions in the stone slabs of the lantern,
reaches something of a climax.
Even more of such ornamentation is to be seen on the family tomb in St
Pancras churchyard of 1816 as also, though much more chastely handled,
on the façade of his own house[72] of 1812-13 at 13 Lincoln’s Inn
Fields. The interiors of this house are full of spatial exercises, many
of them miniscule in scale, which Soane developed later in various
public structures. It may suffice here to mention the small
breakfast-room with its very shallow dome, its varied and ingenious
effects of indirect lighting, and its characteristic decoration by means
of incised linear patterns and convex mirrors.
In 1818 there began for Soane a new spate of public activity that
continued down to 1823. A series of offices at the Bank of England[73]
now carried further the spatial and decorative innovations of the
interiors of the 1790s. Whether or not these were finer is a matter of
taste; but the continuous arched forms without imposts, the smoother
surfaces, and the very abstract linear decoration certainly represent a
more advanced stage of Soane’s personal style (Plate 28B). Under the Act
for Building New Churches of 1818, which generated great activity in the
ecclesiastical field, Soane was one of the guiding architects; he built,
however, only three churches for the Commission that was set up by the
Act. St Peter’s, Walworth, in South London, of 1823-5 is both elegant
and ingenious in the way the galleries are incorporated into the
internal architectural organization rather than treated as mere
afterthought. The other two are less successful.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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