Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
Much of this is common to the projects of Boullée, more widely known
than Ledoux’s in the eighties because of his many pupils. The simple
geometrical forms, the plain surfaces, the reiterative handling of minor
features, all are even more conspicuous in his designs and generally
presented at a scale so grand as to approach megalomania (Plate 2C).
Boullée could be, and often was, more conventionally the Classical
Revivalist than Ledoux; he was also perhaps somewhat less bold in using
such shapes as the sphere cube and the pyramid. His inspiration was on
occasion medieval (of a very special South European ‘Castellated’
order), and he thereby laid the foundations for that more widely
eclectic use of the forms of the past which makes the Romantic Classical
a syncretic style, not a mere revival of Roman or Greek architecture.
Various projects of the eighties by younger men, such as Bernard Poyet
(1742-1824) and L.-J. Desprez (1743-1804), of whom we will hear again
later, were of very similar character.
Both Boullée and Ledoux, but particularly Ledoux, were interested in
symbolism. In that sense their architecture was not essentially
abstract, despite the extreme geometrical simplicity of their forms, but
in their own term _parlante_ or expressive and meaningful. So special
and personal is most of their symbolism, however, that even when quite
obvious, as with the ‘Coopery’, it was hardly viable for other
architects. When Ledoux gave to his _Oikema_ or ‘House of Sexual
Education’ an actual _plan_ of phallic outline (which would be wholly
unnoticeable except from the air) he epitomized the hermetic quality of
much of his architectural speech. It is understandable that, of the many
who accepted his architectural syntax, very few really attempted to
speak his language. Such symbolism belonged on the whole to an early
stage of Romantic Classicism; after 1800 architectural speech was
generally of a much less recondite order. Yet to each of the different
vocabularies employed by Romantic Classicists—Grecian, Egyptian,
Italian, Castellated, etc.—some sort of special meaning was commonly
attached. Thus a restricted and codified eclecticism provided, as it
were, the equivalent of a system of musical keys that could be chosen
according to a conventional code when designing different types of
buildings.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account