Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
By 1870 church architecture, for example, was in general much chastened.
Externally Teulon’s St Stephen’s, The Green, on Rosslyn Hill in
Hampstead of 1869-76 is not polychromatic but all of purple-brown brick
with some creamy stone trim. It builds up, moreover, somewhat like
Shaw’s Bingley church begun a few years earlier, to a tall rectangular
crossing tower with rather quiet, more or less ‘Early French’,
membering. Inside Teulon achieved in the brickwork a kind of golden
harmony of tone resembling that of White’s interior in St Saviour’s,
Aberdeen Park, completely eschewing the bold and almost savage patterns
of contrastingly coloured bricks he had favoured since the early
fifties. In the tremendously tall interior of Edmund Scott’s already
mentioned St Bartholomew’s, Brighton—aisleless, chancel-less, and
provided with broad, flat internal buttresses—the traces of brick
polychromy are hardly noticeable on the walls of a space so grandly
proportioned (Plate 93B). The later ciborium here is not by Scott.
Burges in the two Yorkshire churches which he began in 1871 at Skelton
and at Studley Royal, both near Ripon, the latter with a very fine
rectory near by, still aimed at a rather satiating luxury of both
coloured and sculptural decoration in the interiors. But Pearson at St
Augustine’s, Kilburn Park Road, in London, initiated at this time a new
line of vast plain churches (Plate 93A). That line would culminate in
the archaeological correctness of his Truro Cathedral in Cornwall,
started in 1880 and finally completed by his son (F. L., 1864-1947) in
the present century. His last work, the cathedral of Brisbane,
Australia, designed shortly before his death in 1897, was only begun by
his son in 1901.
As Pearson’s Kilburn church was built in 1870-80, it should perhaps more
properly be considered Late Victorian than High. But Pearson retained
here and to the end of his life, particularly in his tall towers and
spires, a truly High Victorian love of grand and bold effects. However
archaeological he became, and with his passion for rib-vaulting he could
from this time on be rather more archaeological in a Franco-English way
than Viollet-le-Duc in France or Cuijpers in Holland, his spaces are
usually nobly proportioned and his masses crisply composed no matter how
‘correctly’ they are membered. At Truro, where the cathedral rises
suddenly out of narrow streets, its granite still almost unweathered,
Pearson’s handling of the relationship of the three tall towers carries
vigorous plastic conviction; Burges had attempted the same effect at
Cork with rather less success when the High Victorian was still at its
highest. Brisbane Cathedral is plainer and tougher than Truro despite
its very late date.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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