Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
Shaw’s excellent church of this period at Bournemouth, St Michael’s and
All Angels, Poole Hill, begun in 1873, is Late Victorian in the
crispness and clarity of its design but less archaeological than those
of this date by Bodley. It seems to indicate that he could have made a
great reputation as a church builder had he not been absorbed with
secular work. But by the seventies secular work once again provided the
field of major prestige in England, as it had hardly done since 1840,
and so Shaw concentrated on it. Having revolutionized country-house
design, he now turned, more definitely than at Lowther Lodge—by its size
and open siting more a country house set in the city—to urban and
suburban domestic work. In these his conquest was even more complete, at
least in England and, as regards the suburbs, in America.
The Old Swan House and its neighbour Cheyne House at the outer end of
the Chelsea Embankment, respectively of 1876 and 1875, are both mansions
rather than ordinary terrace houses. They also represent a considerably
further advance along the road towards a formal eighteenth-century
revival than Lowther Lodge. Old Swan House is completely symmetrical,
and the upper storeys are also quite regularly fenestrated in the early
eighteenth-century way (Plate 103). However, the total effect is still
highly Picturesque because of the way these upper storeys are
cantilevered forward; from the cantilever depend, moreover, elaborate
oriels of much earlier character very similar to those Shaw had
introduced at New Zealand Chambers. Such oriels he long continued to
employ; they are not only a principal feature of his own house in
Hampstead, built in this same year, but also of the much later Holl and
Long houses. Cheyne House occupies an irregular curving plot with the
entrance in Royal Hospital Road; but Shaw used all his considerable
ingenuity to give it symmetrical façades, even though the plan actually
has little of the orderliness of that of Lowther Lodge.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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