It is not proposed here to refer to the authorities for the various statements made in these pages, but to this rule it is impossible to avoid making one exception. The writers feel bound to acknowledge how much they, in common with all students of the art, are indebted to the patient research, the profound learning, and the admirable skill in marshalling facts displayed by Mr. Fergusson in his various writings. Had it been possible to devote a larger space to Eastern architecture, Pagan and Mohammedan, the indebtedness to him, in a field where he stands all but alone, must of necessity have been still greater. The earlier chapters of this volume were chiefly written by Mr. Slater, who very kindly consented to assist in the preparation of it; but I am of course, as editor, jointly responsible with him for the contents. The Introduction, Chapters V. to VII., and from Chapter X. to the end, have been written by myself: and if our work shall in any degree assist the reader to understand, and stimulate him to admire, the architecture of the far-off past; above all, if it enables him to appreciate our vast indebtedness to Greek art, and in a lesser degree to the art of other nations who have occupied the stage of the world, the aim which the writers have kept in view will not have been missed. T. ROGER SMITH. _University College, London._ _May, 1882._ [Illustration: FRIEZE FROM CHURCH AT DENKENDORF.] CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. PAGE INTRODUCTION. 1 CHAPTER II. EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE. Pyramids. Tombs. Temples. Analysis of Buildings. 14 CHAPTER III. WEST ASIATIC ARCHITECTURE. Babylonian. Assyrian. Persian. Analysis of Buildings. 43 CHAPTER IV. ORIENTAL ARCHITECTURE. Hindu. Chinese and Japanese. 64 CHAPTER V. GREEK ARCHITECTURE. Buildings of the Doric Order. 80 CHAPTER VI. Buildings of the Ionic and Corinthian Orders. 102 CHAPTER VII. Analysis of Greek Architecture. The Plan. The Walls. The Roof. The Openings. The Columns. The Ornaments. Architectural Character. 117 CHAPTER VIII. ETRUSCAN AND ROMAN ARCHITECTURE. Historical and General Sketch. 138 CHAPTER IX. The Buildings of the Romans. Basilicas. Theatres and Amphitheatres. Baths (Thermæ). Bridges and Aqueducts. Commemorative Monuments. Domestic Architecture. 147 CHAPTER X. Analysis of Roman Architecture. The Plan. The Walls. The Roofs. The Openings. The Columns. The Ornaments. Architectural Character. 182 CHAPTER XI.