NAVE.--(1) The central avenue of a church or cathedral; (2) the western part of a church as distinguished from the chancel or choir; (3) occasionally, any avenue in the interior of a building which is divided by one or more rows of columns running lengthways is called a nave. NECKING (of a column).--The point (usually marked by a fillet or other small projecting moulding) where the shaft ends and the capital begins. NEWEL POST.--The stout post at the foot of a staircase from which the balustrade or the handrail starts. [Illustration: FIG. _W_.--ARCH MOULDING. (Gothic, 12th Century.)] [Illustration: FIG. _Y_.--ARCH MOULDING. (Decorated, 14th Century.)] [Illustration: FIG. _Z_.--ARCH MOULDING. (Gothic, 13th Century.)] NICHE.--A recess in a wall for a statue, vase, or other upright ornament. NORMAN.--The architecture of England from the Norman Conquest till the latter part of the twelfth century. OGEE.--A moulding or line of part concave and part convex curvature (see Fig. _E_, showing an ogee-shaped arch). OGIVAL.--Ogee-shaped (see Fig. 54). OPEN TRACERY.--Tracery in which the spaces between the bars are neither closed by slabs of stone nor glazed. ORDER.--(1) In Classical and Renaissance architecture a single column or pilaster and its appropriate entablature or superstructure; (2) a series of columns or pilasters with their entablature; (3) an entire decorative system appropriate to the kind of column chosen. In Renaissance architecture there are five orders--the Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite. Each has its own proper column, and its proper base, shaft, and capital; and its own entablature. The proportions and the degree of enrichment appropriate to each vary. The Tuscan being the sturdiest and plainest, the Composite the most slender and most small, and the others taking place in the succession in which they stand enumerated above. Where more than one order occurs in a building, as constantly happens in Classic and Renaissance buildings, the orders which are the plainest and most sturdy (and have been named first) if employed, are invariably placed below the more slender orders; _e.g._ the Doric is never placed _over_ the Corinthian or the Ionic, but if employed in combination with either of those orders it is always the lowest in position. ORIEL.--A window projecting like a bay or bow window, not resting on the ground but thrown out above the ground level and resting on a corbel. PALLADIAN.--A phase of fully developed Renaissance architecture introduced by the architect Palladio, and largely followed in England as well as in Italy.