PANEL.--(1) The thinner portions of the framed woodwork of doors and other such joiner's work; (2) all sunk compartments in masonry, ceilings, &c. PANELLING.--(1) Woodwork formed of framework containing panels; (2) any decoration formed of a series of sunk compartments. PARAPET.--A breastwork or low wall used to protect the gutters and screen the roofs of buildings; also, perhaps primarily, to protect the ramparts of fortifications. [Illustration: FIG. _A A_.--OPEN PARAPET, LATE DECORATED.] [Illustration: FIG. _B B_.--BATTLEMENTED PARAPET, PERPENDICULAR.] PAVILION.--A strongly marked single block of building; most frequently applied to those blocks in French and other Renaissance buildings that are marked out by high roofs. PEDESTAL.--(1) A substructure sometimes placed under a column in Renaissance architecture; (2) a similar substructure intended to carry a statue, vase, or other ornament. PEDIMENT.--(1) The gable, where used in Renaissance buildings; (2) an ornamental gable sometimes placed over windows, doors, and other features in Gothic buildings. PERP. } The Gothic architecture of the fifteenth century PERPENDICULAR. } in England. _Abbreviated_ Perp. PIER.--(1) A mass of walling, either a detached portion of a wall or a distinct structure of masonry, taking the place of a column in the arcade of a church or elsewhere; (2) a group or cluster of shafts substituted for a column. [Illustration: FIG. _C C_.--EARLY ENGLISH PIERS.] [Illustration: FIG. _D D_.--LATE DECORATED AND PERPENDICULAR PIERS.] PILASTER.--A square column, usually attached to a wall; frequently used in Classic and Renaissance architecture in combination with columns. PINNACLE (in Gothic architecture).--A small turret, or ornament, usually with a pointed top, employed to mark the summit of gables, buttresses, and other tall features. PITCH.--The degree of slope given to a roof, gable, or pediment. PLAN.--(1) A map of the floor of a building, showing the piers, if any, and the walls which inclose and divide it, with the openings in them; (2) the actual arrangement and disposition of the floors, piers, and walls of the building itself. PLANE.--The imaginary surface within which a series of mouldings lies, and which coincides with the salient and important points of that series. Mouldings are said to be on an oblique plane when their plane forms an angle less than a right angle with the face of the wall; and in receding planes, when they can be divided into a series of groups of more or less stepped outline, each within and behind the other, and each partly bounded by a plane parallel with the face of the wall.